Mallabhum_kingdom

Mallabhum kingdom

Mallabhum kingdom

Kingdom ruled by the Malla kings of Bishnupur, in present-day West Bengal, India

Mallabhum (The Country originally known as Mallabhoom or Mallabani[1] Bengali: মল্লভূম or Bishnupur kingdom[2] ) was the kingdom ruled by the Malla kings of Bishnupur, primarily in the present Bankura district in Indian state of West Bengal.

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History

Territory of the Mallabhum

Mallabhum was a territory which included Bankura, a part of Burdwan, Birbhum, Santhal Parganas, Midnapur and also a part of Purulia. The Malla Rajas ruled over the vast territory in the south-western part of present West Bengal and a part of southeastern Jharkhand.[3]

Extent

Main article: History of Bankura district

From around 7th century CE until the advent of British rule, the history of Bankura district is identical with the rise and fall of the Hindu Rajas of Bishnupur.[citation needed]

Administration

According to Bhattacharjee, Tarun Dev (1982) during Malla period, the society was centred round the village. The tax collectors were called as Gumasta and their assistants as Aat Pahari or Paik. The Mukhiya or Mandal was the title of headman, who was regarded as the guardian of the village. Malla kings had several service groups. Due to scarcity of money, the Malla kings used to present land instead of salary to all these service groups. This type of land is again of two types – namely the Panchaki jamin or land with a little tax and another one is the Bepanchaki jamin or land without any tax. Again the lands were named as per the service groups name as Senapati mahal for the head of the soldier, land given to the sentry was Mahalbera Mahal, and land given to the bodyguard was Chharidar Mahal.[4]

Malla rulers

Malla's started their own calendar that is Malla era (Mallabda). It is told that Malla era started from Indra Dwadasi day in the year 102 Bengali calendar of the month Bhadro (August- September).[5]

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Temples

See also: List of temples in Bishnupur

According to Dr. Bloch, Superintendent of the Archaeological Survey of India, Eastern Circle, the twelve date temples range in chronological order as follows:[7]

More information Date in Malla year, Date C.E. ...
  • Rasmancha (1600 CE)
  • Rasmancha (1600 CE)
  • Jor Mandir (1726 CE)
  • Radhamadhab Temple (1737 CE)
  • Kalachand Temple (1656 CE)
  • Jor-Bangla Temple or Keshta Roy Temple (1655 CE)
  • Jor Mandir complex (1726 CE)
  • Madan Mohan Temple (1694 CE)
  • Radha-Gobinda Temple (1729 CE)
  • Shyam Ray Temple (1643 CE)
  • Bishnpur fort gate
  • Panchchura temple
  • Stone chariot of Bishnupur
  • Nandalal Temple
  • Rashmancha (gate)
  • Jor Bangla Temple (arches)
  • Jor Bangla temple (Terracotta work)
  • Jor Bangla Temple (Ramayana motifs)
  • Shyamrai Temple (Terracotta work)
  • Shyamrai Temple (RasChakra)

References

  1. [1]
    Steemers, Koen (2000). Architecture, City, Environment: Proceedings of PLEA 2000 : July 2000 ... James & James (Science Publishers) Ltd. p. 377. ISBN 1902916166.
  2. [2]
    "Bishnupur". Britannica. Mallabhum kingdom
  3. [3]
    Dasgupta, Biswas & Mallik 2009, p. 12.
  4. [4]
    Dasgupta, Biswas & Mallik 2009, p. 19-20.
  5. [5]
    Dasgupta, Biswas & Mallik 2009, p. 19.
  6. [6]
    Dasgupta, Biswas & Mallik 2009, p. 31-43.
  7. [7]
    "Bankura Gazetteer CHAPTER XIV" (PDF). bankura.gov.in. Government of West Bengal. p. 185. Retrieved 2 February 2016.

Sources
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