Liver_X_receptor_beta

Liver X receptor beta

Liver X receptor beta

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Liver X receptor beta (LXR-β) is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. LXR-β is encoded by the NR1H2 gene (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 2).[5]

Quick Facts NR1H2, Available structures ...

Function

The liver X receptors (LXRs) were originally identified as orphan members of the nuclear receptor superfamily because their ligands were unknown. Like other receptors in the family, LXRs heterodimerize with retinoid X receptor and bind to specific response elements (LXREs) characterized by direct repeats separated by 4 nucleotides. Two genes, alpha (LXRA) and beta, are known to encode LXR proteins.[5][6]

Structure

Crystal structure of human liver X receptor β(LXRβ) forming heterodimer with its partner retinoid X receptor α(RXRα) on its cognate element, an AGGTCA direct repeat spaced by 4 nt shows an extended X-shaped arrangement, with DNA- and ligand-binding domains crossed. The LXRβ core binds DNA via canonical contacts and auxiliary DNA contacts that enhance affinity for the response element.[7]

Interactions

Liver X receptor beta has been shown to interact with NCOA6[8] and Retinoid X receptor alpha.[9]

References

  1. [1]
    GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000131408 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. [2]
    GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000060601 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. [3]
    "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. [4]
    "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. [5]
    "Entrez Gene: NR1H2 nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 2".
  6. [6]
    Song C, Hiipakka RA, Kokontis JM, Liao S (Jun 1995). "Ubiquitous receptor: structures, immunocytochemical localization, and modulation of gene activation by receptors for retinoic acids and thyroid hormones". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 761 (2): 38–49. Bibcode:1995NYASA.761...38S. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb31367.x. PMID 7625741. S2CID 27208069.
  7. [7]
    Lou X, Toresson G, Benod C, Suh JH, Philips KJ, Webb P, Gustafsson JA (Mar 2014). "Structure of the retinoid X receptor α-liver X receptor β (RXRα-LXRβ) heterodimer on DNA". Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 21 (3): 277–81. doi:10.1038/nsmb.2778. PMID 24561505. S2CID 23226682.
  8. [8]
    Lee SK, Jung SY, Kim YS, Na SY, Lee YC, Lee JW (Feb 2001). "Two distinct nuclear receptor-interaction domains and CREB-binding protein-dependent transactivation function of activating signal cointegrator-2". Molecular Endocrinology. 15 (2): 241–54. doi:10.1210/mend.15.2.0595. PMID 11158331.
  9. [9]
    Seol W, Choi HS, Moore DD (Jan 1995). "Isolation of proteins that interact specifically with the retinoid X receptor: two novel orphan receptors". Molecular Endocrinology. 9 (1): 72–85. doi:10.1210/mend.9.1.7760852. PMID 7760852.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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