List_of_U.S._states_by_historical_population
This is a list of U.S. states and territories by historical population, as enumerated every decade by the United States Census. As required by the United States Constitution, a census has been conducted every 10 years since 1790. Although the decennial census collects a variety of information that has been used in demographic studies, marketing, and other enterprises, the purpose of the census as stated in the Constitution is to produce an "actual enumeration" of the number of persons in the states in order to calculate their Congressional apportionment.
As the United States has grown in area and population, new states have been formed out of U.S. territories or the division of existing states. The population figures provided here reflect modern state boundaries. Shaded areas of the tables indicate census years when a territory or the part of another state had not yet been admitted as a new state.[lower-alpha 1] Since 1920, the "total population" of the United States has been considered the population of all the States and the District of Columbia; territories and other possessions were counted as additional population.[lower-alpha 2] As of 2021[update], five U.S. territories (American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands), along with the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands, are not included in the count of total U.S. population.
Total population, 1790–1860
Total population counts for the Censuses of 1790 through 1860 include both free and enslaved persons. Native Americans were not identified in the Census of 1790 through 1840 and only sporadically from 1850 until 1890, if they lived outside of Indian Territory or off reservations. Beginning with the 1900 census, Native Americans were fully enumerated along with the general population.[lower-alpha 3]
Name | Admitted[lower-alpha 4] | 1790 | 1800 | 1810 | 1820 | 1830 | 1840 | 1850 | 1860 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama | 1819 | 1,250 | 9,046 | 127,901 | 309,527 | 590,756 | 771,623 | 964,201 | |
Alaska | 1959 | ||||||||
American Samoa | 1900 | ||||||||
Arizona | 1912 | ||||||||
Arkansas | 1836 | 1,062 | 14,273 | 30,388 | 97,574 | 209,897 | 435,450 | ||
California | 1850 | 92,597 | 379,994 | ||||||
Colorado | 1876 | 34,277 | |||||||
Connecticut | 1788 | 237,946 | 251,002 | 262,042 | 275,202 | 297,675 | 309,978 | 370,792 | 460,147 |
Delaware | 1787 | 59,096 | 64,273 | 72,674 | 72,749 | 76,748 | 78,085 | 91,532 | 112,216 |
District of Columbia [lower-alpha 5] | 1790 | 8,144 | 15,471 | 23,336 | 30,261 | 33,745 | 51,687 | 75,080 | |
Florida | 1845 | 34,730 | 54,477 | 87,445 | 140,424 | ||||
Georgia | 1788 | 82,548 | 162,686 | 251,407 | 340,989 | 516,823 | 691,392 | 906,185 | 1,057,286 |
Guam | 1899 | ||||||||
Hawaii | 1959 | ||||||||
Idaho | 1890 | ||||||||
Illinois | 1818 | 2,458 | 12,282 | 55,211 | 157,445 | 476,183 | 851,470 | 1,711,951 | |
Indiana | 1816 | 2,632 | 24,520 | 147,178 | 343,031 | 685,866 | 988,416 | 1,350,428 | |
Iowa | 1846 | 43,112 | 192,214 | 674,913 | |||||
Kansas | 1861 | 107,206 | |||||||
Kentucky | 1792 | 73,677 | 220,959 | 406,511 | 564,317 | 687,917 | 779,828 | 982,405 | 1,155,684 |
Louisiana [lower-alpha 6] | 1812 | 76,556 | 153,407 | 215,739 | 352,411 | 517,762 | 708,002 | ||
Maine [lower-alpha 7] | 1820 | 96,540 | 151,719 | 228,705 | 298,335 | 399,455 | 501,793 | 583,169 | 628,279 |
Maryland [lower-alpha 8] | 1788 | 319,728 | 341,548 | 380,546 | 407,350 | 447,040 | 470,019 | 583,034 | 687,049 |
Massachusetts | 1788 | 378,787 | 422,845 | 472,040 | 523,287 | 610,408 | 737,699 | 994,514 | 1,231,066 |
Michigan | 1837 | 3,757 | 4,762 | 7,452 | 28,004 | 212,267 | 397,654 | 749,113 | |
Minnesota | 1858 | 6,077 | 172,023 | ||||||
Mississippi | 1817 | 7,600 | 31,306 | 75,448 | 136,621 | 375,651 | 606,526 | 791,305 | |
Missouri | 1821 | 19,783 | 66,586 | 140,455 | 383,702 | 682,044 | 1,182,012 | ||
Montana | 1889 | ||||||||
Nebraska | 1867 | 28,841 | |||||||
Nevada | 1864 | 6,857 | |||||||
New Hampshire | 1788 | 141,885 | 183,858 | 214,360 | 244,161 | 269,328 | 284,574 | 317,976 | 326,073 |
New Jersey | 1787 | 184,139 | 211,149 | 245,555 | 277,575 | 320,823 | 373,306 | 489,555 | 672,035 |
New Mexico | 1912 | 61,547 | 93,516 | ||||||
New York | 1788 | 340,120 | 586,050 | 959,049 | 1,372,812 | 1,918,608 | 2,428,921 | 3,097,394 | 3,880,735 |
North Carolina | 1789 | 393,751 | 478,103 | 556,526 | 638,829 | 737,987 | 753,419 | 869,039 | 992,622 |
North Dakota | 1889 | ||||||||
Northern Mariana Islands | 1986 | ||||||||
Ohio | 1803 | 42,159 | 230,760 | 581,434 | 937,903 | 1,519,467 | 1,980,329 | 2,339,511 | |
Oklahoma | 1907 | ||||||||
Oregon | 1859 | 12,093 | 52,465 | ||||||
Pennsylvania | 1787 | 434,373 | 602,545 | 810,091 | 1,049,458 | 1,348,233 | 1,724,033 | 2,311,786 | 2,906,215 |
Puerto Rico | 1899 | ||||||||
Rhode Island | 1790 | 68,825 | 69,122 | 76,931 | 83,059 | 97,199 | 108,830 | 147,545 | 174,620 |
South Carolina | 1788 | 249,073 | 345,591 | 415,115 | 502,741 | 581,185 | 594,398 | 668,507 | 703,708 |
South Dakota [lower-alpha 9] | 1889 | 4,837 | |||||||
Tennessee | 1796 | 35,691 | 105,602 | 261,727 | 422,813 | 681,904 | 829,210 | 1,002,717 | 1,109,801 |
Texas | 1845 | 212,592 | 604,215 | ||||||
U.S. Virgin Islands | 1917 | ||||||||
Utah | 1896 | 11,380 | 40,273 | ||||||
Vermont [lower-alpha 10] | 1791 | 85,425 | 154,465 | 217,713 | 235,764 | 280,652 | 291,948 | 314,120 | 315,098 |
Virginia [lower-alpha 11] | 1788 | 691,937 | 807,557 | 877,683 | 938,261 | 1,044,054 | 1,025,227 | 1,119,348 | 1,219,630 |
Washington | 1889 | 1,201 | 11,594 | ||||||
West Virginia [lower-alpha 12] | 1863 | 55,873 | 78,592 | 105,469 | 136,808 | 176,924 | 224,537 | 302,313 | 376,688 |
Wisconsin | 1848 | 1,444 | 3,635 | 30,945 | 305,391 | 775,881 | |||
Wyoming | 1890 | ||||||||
United States | 3,929,214 | 5,308,483 | 7,239,881 | 9,638,453 | 12,860,702 | 17,063,353 | 23,191,876 | 31,443,321 |
Enslaved population, 1790–1860
The below figures cover only people held in bondage. They are also counted in the total population figures above.
Name | 1790 | 1800 | 1810 | 1820 | 1830 | 1840 | 1850 | 1860 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama | 494 | 2,565 | 41,879 | 117,549 | 253,532 | 342,844 | 435,081 | |
Arkansas | 136 | 1,617 | 4,576 | 19,935 | 47,100 | 111,115 | ||
California | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Colorado | 0 | |||||||
Connecticut | 2,764 | 951 | 310 | 97 | 25 | 17 | 0 | 0 |
Delaware | 8,887 | 6,153 | 4,177 | 4,509 | 3,292 | 2,605 | 2,290 | 1,798 |
District of Columbia | 2,072 | 3,554 | 4,520 | 4,505 | 3,320 | 3,687 | 3,185 | |
Florida | 15,501 | 25,717 | 39,310 | 61,745 | ||||
Georgia | 29,264 | 59,699 | 105,218 | 149,656 | 217,531 | 280,944 | 381,682 | 462,198 |
Illinois | 107 | 168 | 917 | 747 | 331 | 0 | 0 | |
Indiana | 28 | 237 | 190 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Iowa | 16 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Kansas | 2 | |||||||
Kentucky | 12,430 | 40,343 | 80,561 | 126,732 | 165,213 | 182,258 | 210,981 | 225,483 |
Louisiana | 34,660 | 69,064 | 109,588 | 168,452 | 244,809 | 331,726 | ||
Maine | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Maryland | 103,036 | 105,635 | 111,502 | 107,398 | 102,994 | 89,737 | 90,368 | 87,189 |
Massachusetts | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Michigan | 0 | 24 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Minnesota | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Mississippi | 2,995 | 14,523 | 32,814 | 65,659 | 195,211 | 309,878 | 436,631 | |
Missouri | 2,875 | 10,222 | 25,091 | 58,240 | 87,422 | 114,931 | ||
Nebraska | 15 | |||||||
Nevada | 0 | |||||||
New Hampshire | 158 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
New Jersey | 11,423 | 12,422 | 10,851 | 7,557 | 2,254 | 674 | 236 | 18 |
New Mexico | 0 | 0 | ||||||
New York | 21,324 | 20,613 | 15,017 | 10,088 | 75 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
North Carolina | 100,572 | 133,296 | 168,824 | 204,917 | 245,601 | 245,817 | 288,548 | 331,059 |
Ohio | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Oregon | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Pennsylvania | 3,737 | 1,706 | 795 | 211 | 403 | 64 | 0 | 0 |
Rhode Island | 948 | 380 | 108 | 48 | 17 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
South Carolina | 107,094 | 146,151 | 196,365 | 258,475 | 315,401 | 327,038 | 384,984 | 402,406 |
Tennessee | 3,417 | 13,584 | 44,535 | 80,107 | 141,603 | 183,059 | 239,459 | 275,719 |
Texas | 58,161 | 182,566 | ||||||
Utah | 26 | 29 | ||||||
Vermont | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Virginia [lower-alpha 13] | 287,959 | 339,499 | 383,521 | 411,886 | 453,698 | 431,873 | 452,028 | 472,494 |
Washington | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
West Virginia [lower-alpha 14] | 4,668 | 7,172 | 10,836 | 15,169 | 17,673 | 18,488 | 20,500 | 18,371 |
Wisconsin | 0 | 31 | 11 | 0 | 0 | |||
United States | 697,681 | 893,602 | 1,191,362 | 1,538,073 | 2,009,043 | 2,487,355 | 3,204,313 | 3,953,760 |
Name | 1870 | 1880 | 1890[lower-alpha 15] | 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama | 996,992 | 1,262,505 | 1,513,401 | 1,828,697 | 2,138,093 | 2,348,174 | 2,646,248 | 2,832,961 | 3,061,743 |
Alaska | 33,426 | 32,052 | 63,592 | 64,356 | 55,036 | 59,278 | 72,524 | 128,643 | |
American Samoa[lower-alpha 16] | 8,056 | 10,055 | 12,908 | 24,889 | |||||
Arizona | 9,658 | 40,440 | 88,243 | 122,931 | 204,354 | 334,162 | 435,573 | 499,261 | 749,587 |
Arkansas | 484,471 | 802,525 | 1,128,211 | 1,311,564 | 1,574,449 | 1,752,204 | 1,854,482 | 1,949,387 | 1,909,511 |
California | 560,247 | 864,694 | 1,213,398 | 1,485,053 | 2,377,549 | 3,426,861 | 5,677,251 | 6,907,387 | 10,586,223 |
Colorado | 39,864 | 194,327 | 413,249 | 539,700 | 799,024 | 939,629 | 1,035,791 | 1,123,296 | 1,325,089 |
Connecticut | 537,454 | 622,700 | 746,258 | 908,420 | 1,114,756 | 1,380,631 | 1,606,903 | 1,709,242 | 2,007,280 |
Delaware | 125,015 | 146,608 | 168,493 | 184,735 | 202,322 | 223,003 | 238,380 | 266,505 | 318,085 |
District of Columbia | 131,700 | 177,624 | 230,392 | 278,718 | 331,069 | 437,571 | 486,869 | 663,091 | 802,178 |
Florida | 187,748 | 269,493 | 391,422 | 528,542 | 752,619 | 968,470 | 1,468,211 | 1,897,414 | 2,771,305 |
Georgia | 1,184,109 | 1,542,180 | 1,837,353 | 2,216,331 | 2,609,121 | 2,895,832 | 2,908,506 | 3,123,723 | 3,444,578 |
Guam | 11,806 | 13,275 | 18,509 | 22,290 | 59,498 | ||||
Hawaii[lower-alpha 17] | 154,001 | 191,874[lower-alpha 18] | 255,881[lower-alpha 18] | 368,300[lower-alpha 18] | 422,738[lower-alpha 19] | 499,794 | |||
Idaho | 14,999 | 32,610 | 88,548 | 161,772 | 325,594 | 431,866 | 445,032 | 524,873 | 588,637 |
Illinois | 2,539,891 | 3,077,871 | 3,826,352 | 4,821,550 | 5,638,591 | 6,485,280 | 7,630,654 | 7,897,241 | 8,712,176 |
Indiana | 1,680,637 | 1,978,301 | 2,192,404 | 2,516,462 | 2,700,876 | 2,930,390 | 3,238,503 | 3,427,796 | 3,934,224 |
Iowa | 1,194,020 | 1,624,615 | 1,912,297 | 2,231,853 | 2,224,771 | 2,404,021 | 2,470,939 | 2,538,268 | 2,621,073 |
Kansas | 364,399 | 996,096 | 1,428,108 | 1,470,495 | 1,690,949 | 1,769,257 | 1,880,999 | 1,801,028 | 1,905,299 |
Kentucky | 1,321,011 | 1,648,690 | 1,858,635 | 2,147,174 | 2,289,905 | 2,416,630 | 2,614,589 | 2,845,627 | 2,944,806 |
Louisiana | 726,915 | 939,946 | 1,118,588 | 1,381,625 | 1,656,388 | 1,798,509 | 2,101,593 | 2,363,880 | 2,683,516 |
Maine | 626,915 | 648,936 | 661,086 | 694,466 | 742,371 | 768,014 | 797,423 | 847,226 | 913,774 |
Maryland | 780,894 | 934,943 | 1,042,390 | 1,188,044 | 1,295,346 | 1,449,661 | 1,631,526 | 1,821,244 | 2,343,001 |
Massachusetts | 1,457,351 | 1,783,085 | 2,238,947 | 2,805,346 | 3,366,416 | 3,852,356 | 4,249,614 | 4,316,721 | 4,690,514 |
Michigan | 1,184,059 | 1,636,937 | 2,093,890 | 2,420,982 | 2,810,173 | 3,668,412 | 4,842,325 | 5,256,106 | 6,371,766 |
Minnesota | 439,706 | 780,773 | 1,310,283 | 1,751,394 | 2,075,708 | 2,387,125 | 2,563,953 | 2,792,300 | 2,982,483 |
Mississippi | 827,922 | 1,131,597 | 1,289,600 | 1,551,270 | 1,797,114 | 1,790,618 | 2,009,821 | 2,183,796 | 2,178,914 |
Missouri | 1,721,295 | 2,168,380 | 2,679,185 | 3,106,665 | 3,293,335 | 3,404,055 | 3,629,367 | 3,784,664 | 3,954,653 |
Montana | 20,595 | 39,159 | 142,924 | 243,329 | 376,053 | 548,889 | 537,606 | 559,456 | 591,024 |
Nebraska | 122,993 | 452,402 | 1,062,656 | 1,066,300 | 1,192,214 | 1,296,372 | 1,377,963 | 1,315,834 | 1,325,510 |
Nevada | 42,941 | 62,266 | 47,355 | 42,335 | 81,875 | 77,407 | 91,058 | 110,247 | 160,083 |
New Hampshire | 318,300 | 346,991 | 376,530 | 411,588 | 430,572 | 443,083 | 465,293 | 491,524 | 533,242 |
New Jersey | 906,096 | 1,131,116 | 1,444,933 | 1,883,669 | 2,537,167 | 3,155,900 | 4,041,334 | 4,160,165 | 4,835,329 |
New Mexico | 91,874 | 119,565 | 160,282 | 195,310 | 327,301 | 360,350 | 423,317 | 531,818 | 681,187 |
New York | 4,382,759 | 5,082,871 | 6,003,174 | 7,268,894 | 9,113,614 | 10,385,227 | 12,588,066 | 13,479,142 | 14,830,192 |
North Carolina | 1,071,361 | 1,399,750 | 1,617,949 | 1,893,810 | 2,206,287 | 2,559,123 | 3,170,276 | 3,571,623 | 4,061,929 |
North Dakota | 2,405 | 36,909 | 190,983 | 319,146 | 577,056 | 646,872 | 680,845 | 641,935 | 619,636 |
Ohio | 2,665,260 | 3,198,062 | 3,672,329 | 4,157,545 | 4,767,121 | 5,759,394 | 6,646,697 | 6,907,612 | 7,946,627 |
Oklahoma[lower-alpha 20] | 258,657[lower-alpha 21] | 790,391[lower-alpha 22] | 1,657,155 | 2,028,283 | 2,396,040 | 2,336,434 | 2,233,351 | ||
Oregon | 90,923 | 174,768 | 317,704 | 413,536 | 672,765 | 783,389 | 953,786 | 1,089,684 | 1,521,341 |
Pennsylvania | 3,521,951 | 4,282,891 | 5,258,113 | 6,302,115 | 7,665,111 | 8,720,017 | 9,631,350 | 9,900,180 | 10,498,012 |
Puerto Rico | 1,118,012 | 1,299,809 | 1,543,913 | 1,869,255 | 2,210,703 | ||||
Rhode Island | 217,353 | 276,531 | 345,506 | 428,556 | 542,610 | 604,397 | 687,497 | 713,346 | 791,896 |
South Carolina | 705,606 | 995,577 | 1,151,149 | 1,340,316 | 1,515,400 | 1,683,724 | 1,738,765 | 1,899,804 | 2,117,027 |
South Dakota | 11,776 | 98,268 | 348,600 | 401,570 | 583,888 | 636,547 | 692,849 | 642,961 | 652,740 |
Tennessee | 1,258,520 | 1,542,359 | 1,767,518 | 2,020,616 | 2,184,789 | 2,337,885 | 2,616,556 | 2,915,841 | 3,291,718 |
Texas | 818,579 | 1,591,749 | 2,235,527 | 3,048,710 | 3,896,542 | 4,663,228 | 5,824,715 | 6,414,824 | 7,711,194 |
U.S. Virgin Islands | 25,346[lower-alpha 23] | 22,012 | 39,467 | 51,827 | |||||
Utah | 86,786 | 143,963 | 210,779 | 276,749 | 373,351 | 449,396 | 507,847 | 550,310 | 688,862 |
Vermont | 330,551 | 332,286 | 332,422 | 343,641 | 355,956 | 352,428 | 359,611 | 359,231 | 377,747 |
Virginia | 1,225,163 | 1,512,565 | 1,655,980 | 1,854,184 | 2,061,612 | 2,309,187 | 2,421,851 | 2,677,773 | 3,318,680 |
Washington | 23,955 | 75,116 | 357,232 | 518,103 | 1,141,990 | 1,356,621 | 1,563,396 | 1,736,191 | 2,378,963 |
West Virginia | 442,014 | 618,457 | 762,794 | 958,800 | 1,221,119 | 1,463,701 | 1,729,205 | 1,901,974 | 2,005,552 |
Wisconsin | 1,054,670 | 1,315,497 | 1,693,330 | 2,069,042 | 2,333,860 | 2,632,067 | 2,939,006 | 3,137,587 | 3,434,575 |
Wyoming | 9,118 | 20,789 | 62,555 | 92,531 | 145,965 | 194,402 | 225,565 | 250,742 | 290,529 |
United States | 38,558,371 | 50,155,783 [lower-alpha 24] |
62,947,714 [lower-alpha 24][lower-alpha 25] |
75,994,575 [lower-alpha 26] |
91,972,266 [lower-alpha 27] |
105,710,620 [lower-alpha 28] |
122,775,046 [lower-alpha 28] |
131,669,275 [lower-alpha 28] |
150,697,361 [lower-alpha 29] |
Name | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama | 3,266,740 | 3,444,165 | 3,893,888 | 4,040,587 | 4,447,100 | 4,779,736 | 5,024,279 |
Alaska | 226,167 | 300,382 | 401,851 | 550,043 | 626,932 | 710,231 | 733,391 |
American Samoa | 20,051 | 27,159 | 32,297 | 46,773 | 57,291 | 55,519 | 49,710 |
Arizona | 1,302,161 | 1,770,900 | 2,718,215 | 3,665,228 | 5,130,632 | 6,392,017 | 7,151,502 |
Arkansas | 1,786,272 | 1,923,295 | 2,286,435 | 2,350,725 | 2,673,400 | 2,915,918 | 3,011,524 |
California | 15,717,204 | 19,953,134 | 23,667,902 | 29,760,021 | 33,871,648 | 37,253,956 | 39,538,223 |
Colorado | 1,753,947 | 2,207,259 | 2,889,964 | 3,294,394 | 4,301,261 | 5,029,196 | 5,773,714 |
Connecticut | 2,535,234 | 3,031,709 | 3,107,576 | 3,287,116 | 3,405,565 | 3,574,097 | 3,608,298 |
Delaware | 446,292 | 548,104 | 594,338 | 666,168 | 783,600 | 897,934 | 989,948 |
District of Columbia | 763,956 | 756,510 | 638,333 | 606,900 | 572,059 | 601,723 | 689,545 |
Florida | 4,951,560 | 6,789,443 | 9,746,324 | 12,937,926 | 15,982,378 | 18,801,310 | 21,538,187 |
Georgia | 3,943,116 | 4,589,575 | 5,463,105 | 6,478,216 | 8,186,453 | 9,687,653 | 10,711,908 |
Guam | 67,044 | 84,966 | 105,979 | 133,152 | 154,805 | 159,358 | 153,836 |
Hawaii | 632,772 | 768,561 | 964,691 | 1,108,229 | 1,211,537 | 1,360,301 | 1,455,271 |
Idaho | 667,191 | 712,567 | 943,935 | 1,006,749 | 1,293,953 | 1,567,582 | 1,839,106 |
Illinois | 10,081,158 | 11,113,976 | 11,426,518 | 11,430,602 | 12,419,293 | 12,830,632 | 12,812,508 |
Indiana | 4,662,498 | 5,193,669 | 5,490,224 | 5,544,159 | 6,080,485 | 6,483,802 | 6,785,528 |
Iowa | 2,757,537 | 2,824,376 | 2,913,808 | 2,776,755 | 2,926,324 | 3,046,355 | 3,190,369 |
Kansas | 2,178,611 | 2,246,578 | 2,363,679 | 2,477,574 | 2,688,418 | 2,853,118 | 2,937,880 |
Kentucky | 3,038,156 | 3,218,706 | 3,660,777 | 3,685,296 | 4,041,769 | 4,339,367 | 4,505,836 |
Louisiana | 3,257,022 | 3,641,306 | 4,205,900 | 4,219,973 | 4,468,976 | 4,533,372 | 4,657,757 |
Maine | 969,265 | 992,048 | 1,124,660 | 1,227,928 | 1,274,923 | 1,328,361 | 1,362,359 |
Maryland | 3,100,689 | 3,922,399 | 4,216,975 | 4,781,468 | 5,296,486 | 5,773,552 | 6,177,224 |
Massachusetts | 5,148,578 | 5,689,170 | 5,737,037 | 6,016,425 | 6,349,097 | 6,547,629 | 7,029,917 |
Michigan | 7,823,194 | 8,875,083 | 9,262,078 | 9,295,297 | 9,938,444 | 9,883,640 | 10,077,331 |
Minnesota | 3,413,864 | 3,804,971 | 4,075,970 | 4,375,099 | 4,919,479 | 5,303,925 | 5,706,494 |
Mississippi | 2,178,141 | 2,216,912 | 2,520,638 | 2,573,216 | 2,844,658 | 2,967,297 | 2,961,279 |
Missouri | 4,319,813 | 4,676,501 | 4,916,686 | 5,117,073 | 5,595,211 | 5,988,927 | 6,154,913 |
Montana | 674,767 | 694,409 | 786,690 | 799,065 | 902,195 | 989,415 | 1,084,225 |
Nebraska | 1,411,330 | 1,483,493 | 1,569,825 | 1,578,385 | 1,711,263 | 1,826,341 | 1,961,504 |
Nevada | 285,278 | 488,738 | 800,493 | 1,201,833 | 1,998,257 | 2,700,551 | 3,104,614 |
New Hampshire | 606,921 | 737,681 | 920,610 | 1,109,252 | 1,235,786 | 1,316,470 | 1,377,529 |
New Jersey | 6,066,782 | 7,168,164 | 7,364,823 | 7,730,188 | 8,414,350 | 8,791,894 | 9,288,994 |
New Mexico | 951,023 | 1,016,000 | 1,302,894 | 1,515,069 | 1,819,046 | 2,059,179 | 2,117,522 |
New York | 16,782,304 | 18,236,967 | 17,558,072 | 17,990,455 | 18,976,457 | 19,378,102 | 20,201,249 |
North Carolina | 4,556,155 | 5,082,059 | 5,881,766 | 6,628,637 | 8,049,313 | 9,535,483 | 10,439,388 |
North Dakota | 632,446 | 617,761 | 652,717 | 638,800 | 642,200 | 672,591 | 779,094 |
Northern Mariana Islands[lower-alpha 30] | 8,290[lower-alpha 31] | 9,460 | 16,780 | 43,345 | 69,221 | 53,883 | 47,329 |
Ohio | 9,706,397 | 10,652,017 | 10,797,630 | 10,847,115 | 11,353,140 | 11,536,504 | 11,799,448 |
Oklahoma | 2,328,284 | 2,559,229 | 3,025,290 | 3,145,585 | 3,450,654 | 3,751,351 | 3,959,353 |
Oregon | 1,768,687 | 2,091,385 | 2,633,105 | 2,842,321 | 3,421,399 | 3,831,074 | 4,237,256 |
Pennsylvania | 11,319,366 | 11,793,909 | 11,863,895 | 11,881,643 | 12,281,054 | 12,702,379 | 13,002,700 |
Puerto Rico | 2,349,544 | 2,712,033 | 3,196,520 | 3,522,037 | 3,808,610 | 3,725,789 | 3,285,874 |
Rhode Island | 859,488 | 946,725 | 947,154 | 1,003,464 | 1,048,319 | 1,052,567 | 1,097,379 |
South Carolina | 2,382,594 | 2,590,516 | 3,121,820 | 3,486,703 | 4,012,012 | 4,625,364 | 5,118,425 |
South Dakota | 680,514 | 665,507 | 690,768 | 696,004 | 754,844 | 814,180 | 886,667 |
Tennessee | 3,567,089 | 3,923,687 | 4,591,120 | 4,877,185 | 5,689,283 | 6,346,105 | 6,910,840 |
Texas | 9,579,677 | 11,196,730 | 14,229,191 | 16,986,510 | 20,851,820 | 25,145,561 | 29,145,505 |
U.S. Virgin Islands | 32,099 | 62,468 | 96,569 | 101,809 | 108,612 | 106,405 | 87,146 |
Utah | 890,627 | 1,059,273 | 1,461,037 | 1,722,850 | 2,233,169 | 2,763,885 | 3,271,616 |
Vermont | 389,881 | 444,330 | 511,456 | 562,758 | 608,827 | 625,741 | 643,077 |
Virginia | 3,966,949 | 4,648,494 | 5,346,818 | 6,187,358 | 7,078,515 | 8,001,024 | 8,631,393 |
Washington | 2,853,214 | 3,409,169 | 4,132,156 | 4,866,692 | 5,894,121 | 6,724,540 | 7,705,281 |
West Virginia | 1,860,421 | 1,744,237 | 1,949,644 | 1,793,477 | 1,808,344 | 1,852,994 | 1,793,716 |
Wisconsin | 3,951,777 | 4,417,731 | 4,705,767 | 4,891,769 | 5,363,675 | 5,686,986 | 5,893,718 |
Wyoming | 330,066 | 332,416 | 469,557 | 453,588 | 493,782 | 563,626 | 576,851 |
United States | 179,323,175[lower-alpha 32] | 203,211,926[lower-alpha 33] | 226,545,805[lower-alpha 34] | 248,709,873[lower-alpha 35] | 281,421,906[lower-alpha 36] | 308,745,538[lower-alpha 36] | 331,449,281[lower-alpha 36] |
Several small island territories are included in the U.S. Census Bureau's Island Areas region as U.S. Minor Outlying Islands. These mostly lack permanent residents, but have been included in some census counts since 1910. Prior to 1959, most of the Pacific minor island territories were enumerated with the Hawaii Territory, but not included in the territory's population count. Minor Outlying Islands that have never had a population enumerated by the U.S. Census Bureau are not included. Since 2000, the U.S. Census Bureau has not reported data for the Minor Outlying Islands as part of its standard data products.
Name | Acquired | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baker, Howland, and Jarvis Islands | 1935 | 10[lower-alpha 37] | |||||||||
Johnston Atoll | 1856 | 69 | 46 | 156 | 1,007 | 327 | 173 | 315 | |||
Midway Atoll | 1867 | 35 | 31 | 36 | 437 | 416 | 2,356 | 2,220 | 453 | 13 | 0 |
Palmyra[lower-alpha 38] | 1912 | 32 | |||||||||
Wake Island | 1899 | 0 | 349 | 1,097 | 1,647 | 302 | 7 | 1 |
Since 1900, the U.S. Census Bureau has worked to count Americans living overseas, including those soldiers and sailors overseas, merchants on vessels at sea, and diplomats. (Counts were also provided in the 1830 and 1840 Censuses.) Attempts to count private citizens have been made, too, but with only minimal success.[1] In 1970 and since 1990, the "U.S. Federally Affiliated Overseas Population" — essentially citizens serving in military, diplomatic, and other federal agency postings overseas — have been counted based upon federal records. For the purpose of apportionment, they are assigned to their on-record home state. Figures prior to 2000 are from Americans Overseas in U.S. Censuses.[2] Data for 2000 and 2010 is from a 2012 Census assessment report,[3] and 2020 data is from that year's Census.[4]
1830 | 1840 | 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5,318 | 6,100 | 91,219 | 55,608 | 117,238 | 89,453 | 118,933 | 481,545 | 1,374,421 | 1,737,836 | 995,546 | 925,845 | 576,367 | 1,042,523 | 350,686 |
Several territories and possessions held by the United States during the 1800s and 1900s gained independence or were transferred to other nations. The populations of these former territories as reported in the census are listed below.
Name | Acquired | Relinquished | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Canton and Enderbury Islands[lower-alpha 39] | 1937 | 1979[lower-alpha 40] | 44[lower-alpha 41] | 272[lower-alpha 42] | 320[lower-alpha 42] | 0 | ||||
Corn Islands[lower-alpha 39][lower-alpha 43] | 1914 | 1970[lower-alpha 44] | 1,523 | 1,304 | 1,872 | |||||
Pacific Trust Territory[lower-alpha 39][lower-alpha 45] | 1947 | 1986[lower-alpha 46] | 53,447[lower-alpha 31] | 70,270 | 104,033 | |||||
Palau [lower-alpha 39][lower-alpha 47] | 1947 | 1994[lower-alpha 48] | 8,987[lower-alpha 31] | 11,210 | 12,116 | 15,122 | ||||
Panama Canal Zone [lower-alpha 39] | 1903 | 1979[lower-alpha 49] | 22,858 | 39,467 | 51,827 | 52,822 | 42,112 | 44,198 | ||
Philippines [lower-alpha 39][lower-alpha 50] | 1899 | 1946[lower-alpha 51] | 10,599,000[lower-alpha 23] | 13,513,000[lower-alpha 23] | 16,356,000 | |||||
Swan Islands [lower-alpha 39] | 1856 | 1971[lower-alpha 52] | 36 | 28 | 22 |
- United States Census
- United States congressional apportionment
- List of U.S. states and territories by population
- List of U.S. states by population density
- List of U.S. states by population growth rate
- List of colonial and pre-Federal U.S. historical population
- Largest cities in the United States by population by decade
- List of largest cities of U.S. states and territories by historical population
- General
- State data, 1790–1990: "Race and Hispanic Origin: 1790 to 1990 by State" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-11-21. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
- National data, 1790–1990: "United States - Race and Hispanic Origin: 1790 to 1990" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-11-14. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
- State and national data, 2000–2010: "Population Distribution and Change: 2000 to 2010" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
- "Census Bureau finds it can't count Americans abroad". The Hill. Washington, D.C. 2006-03-30. Retrieved 2022-03-18.
- Crook, Karen; Druetto, Shirley (2012). 2010 Census Federally Affiliated Overseas Count Operation Assessment Report (PDF). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2022-03-18.
- "U.S. Federally Affiliated Overseas Population" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2022-03-18.
- The District of Columbia is not shaded.
- Prior to 1920, territories in the continental United States were generally included in the total population figure, but more far-flung territories were not.
- "American Indians in the Federal Decennial Census, 1790-1930". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved August 27, 2021.
- The District of Columbia is not a state, but was created through the Residence Act of 1790 from territory donated by Maryland and Virginia; however, the Virginia portion was retroceded to the state in 1846.
- Previously a part of the Orleans Territory.
- Between 1790 and 1820, the District of Maine was part of the state of Massachusetts.
- Figures recorded for Dakota Territory by the censuses of 1860, 1870, and 1880 are listed here as belonging to South Dakota.
- Figures include people on Native American reservations in the United States not otherwise enumerated.
- From 1930 onward the reported value includes Swains Island, which was incorporated into American Samoa in 1925
- From 1910 to 1940, U.S. Minor Outlying Islands in the Pacific were enumerated with the Hawaii Territory by the U.S. Census bureau. The values here exclude those island populations not incorporated into the state of Hawaiʻi. (per Guide to 2010 State and Local Census Geography: Hawaii (Report). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved August 24, 2021.)
- The 1890 and 1900 figures are the combined total for the Oklahoma Territory and Indian Territory, which were combined when Oklahoma became a state in 1907 (per Census Bulletin 89: Population of Oklahoma and Indian Territory (PDF). Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1907. Retrieved September 30, 2020.). The 1900 figures include Greer County, which previously had been claimed by Texas.
- Relinquished to Kiribati in 1979.
- The Census Bureau never formally enumerated the Philippine Islands when they were a U.S. territorial possession; however, the 1940 Census included data from the 1939 Census of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, including extrapolated population figures for 1930 and 1920.