List_of_Panchatantra_Stories

List of <i>Panchatantra</i> stories

List of Panchatantra stories

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The Panchatantra is an ancient Sanskrit collection of stories, probably first composed around 300 CE (give or take a century or two),[1] though some of its component stories may be much older. The original text is not extant, but the work has been widely revised and translated such that there exist "over 200 versions in more than 50 languages."[2] The actual content of these versions sometimes differs greatly.

The lists of stories in a few notable versions are compared below.

Key

  • A-T — Aarne–Thompson tale type index number.
  • Edge — Franklin Edgerton's 1924 reconstruction of the Sanskrit text of the original Panchatantra. Though scholars debate details of his text, its list of stories can be considered definitive.[3] It is the basis of English translations by Edgerton himself (1924) and Patrick Olivelle (1997 & 2006). The content of 2 other important versions, the "Southern" Panchatantra and the Tantrākhyāyika are very similar to that of Edgerton's reconstruction.
  • Durg — Durgasimha's Kannada translation of c. 1031 CE is one of the earliest extant translations into an Indian vernacular.
  • Soma — Somadeva's Kathasaritsagara ("Ocean of Streams of Story") of 1070 is a massive collection of stories and legends, to which a version of the Panchatantra contributes roughly half of Book 10. The numbers given are those of N. M. Penzer, which situate the Panchatantra passages within the Kathasaritsagara as a whole. At the end of each of the Panchatantra's books, Somadeva (or his source) adds a number of unrelated stories, "usually of the 'noodle' variety."[4]
  • Purn — Purnabhadra's recension of 1199 CE is one of the longest Sanskrit versions, and is the basis of both Arthur W. Ryder's English translation of 1925, and Chandra Rajan's of 1993.
  • Nara — Hitopadesha by Narayana is probably the most popular version in India, and was the second work ever translated from Sanskrit into English (by Charles Wilkins in 1787). The Hitopadesha itself exists in several versions, without an extant original. However, in this case the differences are comparatively trivial.[5] Narayana split, combined, and reordered his source stories more extensively than most other revisers of the Panchatantra, so while cells in other columns generally have a one-to-one relationship, this does not hold true for the Hitopadesha.

Table

In addition to the stories listed below, many versions begin with a prelude in which a king bewails the stupidity of his sons, and the wise Vishnu Sharma[6] (the Panchatantra's reputed author) bets that he can teach them statecraft in a mere 6 months; the tales constitute his lesson. (Of the versions tabulated below, only Somadeva's Kathasaritsagara lacks this "master frame" — an unsurprising omission, since the Panchatantra section is placed within the "master frame" of the Kathasaritsagara itself.)

More information Story, A-T ...

Notes

  1. [1]
    Olivelle 1997, p xii.
  2. [2]
    Olivelle 1997, p ix.
  3. [3]
    "Most scholars would concede at least the following: (1) the reconstructed text contains every story that was found in the original, and the original contained no stories other than those included in the reconstructed text ... (3) The narrative sequence of the original was the same as it is in the reconstructed version." (Olivelle 1997, pp xliv-xlv) Beyond these 2 points, the list is not concerned.
  4. [4]
    Penzer 1926, p 213.
  5. [5]
    "[C]ontrary as is the case with the Pañcatantra, we can hardly speak of different versions of the Hitopadeśa and ... the additions or omissions of certain stanzas as well as some of the textual differences between the various editions of the Hitopadeśa are of little importance." (Sternbach 1960, p 1)
  6. [6]
    In some textual traditions, including Durgasimha's, the name is Vasubhaga Bhatta.
  7. [7]
    Olivelle 1997, pp vii-viii, 160-61.
  8. [8]
    Chandrashekhara 2009.
  9. [9]
    Penzer 1926, pp xxxv-xliii & 214-215.
  10. [10]
    Olivelle 1997, pp vii-viii, 160-63.
  11. [11]
    Sternbach 1960, pp 27-29.
  12. [12]
    Ashliman, D. L. "The Panchatantra". Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  13. [13]
    Ashliman, D. L. "The Monkey's Heart". Retrieved 7 March 2016.

References

  • Olivelle, Patrick (translator) (1997), The Pañcatantra: The Book of India's Folk Wisdom, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-955575-8 {{citation}}: |first= has generic name (help)
  • Sternbach, Ludwik (1960), The Hitopadeśa and Its Sources, American Oriental Series, vol. 44, New Haven, CT: American Oriental Society
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