List_of_COVID-19_vaccine_authorizations

List of COVID-19 vaccine authorizations

List of COVID-19 vaccine authorizations

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National regulatory authorities have granted full or emergency use authorizations for 40 COVID-19 vaccines.

For COVID-19 vaccination policy by country, see Vaccination policy § Table.

Ten vaccines have been approved for emergency or full use by at least one stringent regulatory authority recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO): Pfizer–BioNTech, Oxford–AstraZeneca, Sinopharm BIBP, Moderna, Janssen, CoronaVac, Covaxin, Novavax, Convidecia, and Sanofi–GSK.[1] Seven others are under assessment by the WHO: Sputnik V, Sinopharm WIBP, Abdala, Zifivax, Corbevax, COVIran Barekat, and SCB-2019.[2]

Of the 40 vaccines, 16 have a full or emergency authorization in only one country, 12 in ten or fewer countries, and 12 in more than ten countries.

Note that in some countries, vaccines may be authorized solely for travel purposes. They may not be approved for the general population. For example, the CoronaVac, Covishield, BBIBP-CorV and Covaxin vaccines are not part of Australia's national vaccination program; however, they are recognized for the purpose of travel to Australia.[3][4][5]

Overview maps

Oxford–AstraZeneca

Quick Facts

The Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, sold under the brand names Vaxzevria[6] and Covishield,[7] is a viral vector vaccine[8] produced by the British University of Oxford, British-Swedish company AstraZeneca, and the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations.[8][9][10] Finland, Denmark, and Norway suspended the use of the Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine due to a small number of reports of a rare blood clot disorder.[11][12][13][14] Slovakia suspended its use after the death of a predisposed recipient.[15] South Africa suspended its use because a small trial found only minimal protection against mild to moderate disease from the locally predominant Beta variant.[16] Japan approved the vaccine for emergency use in May 2021, but did not plan to use them immediately because of rare cases of a blood clotting disorder reported overseas.[17] Later, Japan started to use the vaccine for people aged 40 or over to mitigate the surge of the Delta variant in August.[18] Finland ceased use of the vaccine as the last batch expired on 30 November 2021. Until then it was only offered for those aged 65 or more due to extremely rare coagulation disorders among younger recipients of the vaccine. After this Finland will not procure more of the vaccine.[19][20][21][22] The AstraZeneca vaccine is the most widely accepted internationally,[23] and the most popular in terms of total inoculated worldwide, over 1.3 billion.[24][25][26][27] The AstraZeneca vaccine is administered in more countries than any other vaccine.[28]

Full (5)
  1. Australia[29][30]
  2. Brazil[31]
  3. Canada[32][33]
  4. India[34]
  5. Israel[28][35][36]

EMA countries[37][38][39][1]

  1. Austria
  2. Belgium
  3. Bulgaria
  4. Croatia
  5. Cyprus
  6. Czech Republic
  7. Denmark
  8. Estonia
  9. Finland
  10. France
  11. Germany
  12. Greece
  13. Hungary
  14. Iceland
  15. Ireland
  16. Italy
  17. Latvia
  18. Liechtenstein
  19. Lithuania
  20. Luxembourg
  21. Malta
  22. Netherlands
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Portugal
  26. Romania
  27. Slovakia
  28. Slovenia
  29. Spain
  30. Sweden
Emergency (170)
  1. Afghanistan[40][41]
  2. Albania[42]
  3. Algeria[43]
  4. Andorra[44]
  5. Angola[45]
  6. Argentina[46]
  7. Armenia[47]
  8. Azerbaijan[48]
  9. Bahrain[49]
  10. Bangladesh[50][51]
  11. Benin[48]
  12. Bhutan[52][53]
  13. Bolivia[48]
  14. Bosnia and Herzegovina[54]
  15. Botswana[55]
  16. Brunei[56]
  17. Burkina Faso[57]
  18. Cambodia[48]
  19. Cameroon[48]
  20. Cape Verde[58]
  21. Central African Republic[57]
  22. Chile[59]
  23. Colombia[60]
  24. Comoros[48]
  25. Congo-Brazzaville[48]
  26. Congo-Kinshasa[61]
  27. Costa Rica[62]
  28. Djibouti[48]
  29. Dominican Republic[63]
  30. East Timor[64]
  31. Ecuador[65]
  32. Egypt[66]
  33. El Salvador[67]
  34. Eswatini[68]
  35. Ethiopia[69][70][71]
  36. Fiji[48]
  37. Gambia[72]
  38. Georgia[73]
  39. Ghana[74]
  40. Guatemala[75]
  41. Guinea-Bissau[76]
  42. Guinea[57]
  43. Honduras[48]
  44. Indonesia[77]
  45. Iran[78]
  46. Iraq[79]
  47. Ivory Coast[80]
  48. Japan[81]
  49. Jordan[82]
  50. Kenya[83]
  51. Kiribati[57]
  52. Kosovo[84][85]
  53. Kuwait[86]
  54. Kyrgyzstan[57]
  55. Laos[57]
  56. Lebanon[87]
  57. Lesotho[88]
  58. Liberia[89]
  59. Libya[90][91]
  60. Madagascar[48]
  61. Malawi[92][93]
  62. Malaysia[94]
  63. Maldives[95]
  64. Mali[96]
  65. Mauritania[57]
  66. Mauritius[97]
  67. Mexico[98]
  68. Micronesia[57]
  69. Moldova[99]
  70. Mongolia[100]
  71. Montenegro[48]
  72. Morocco[101]
  73. Mozambique[48]
  74. Myanmar[102]
  75. Namibia[103]
  76. Nauru[104]
  77. Nepal[105]
  78. New Zealand[57]
  79. Nicaragua[48]
  80. Niger[48]
  81. Nigeria[106]
  82. North Macedonia[107]
  83. Oman[48]
  84. Pakistan[108]
  85. Palestine[48]
  86. Panama[48]
  87. Papua New Guinea[109][110]
  88. Paraguay[57]
  89. Peru[111]
  90. Philippines[112]
  91. Qatar[57]
  92. Rwanda[113]
  93. Samoa[104]
  94. São Tomé and Príncipe[48]
  95. Saudi Arabia[114]
  96. Senegal[57]
  97. Serbia[115]
  98. Seychelles[116]
  99. Sierra Leone[117]
  100. Singapore[118] (restricted)
  101. Solomon Islands[48]
  102. Somalia[119]
  103. South Korea[120][121]
  104. South Sudan[122]
  105. Sri Lanka[123]
  106. Sudan[124][125]
  107. Syria[57]
  108. Taiwan[126]
  109. Tajikistan[127]
  110. Thailand[128]
  111. Togo[129]
  112. Tonga[130][131][132]
  113. Tunisia[57]
  114. Turkmenistan[57]
  115. Tuvalu[104]
  116. Uganda[133]
  117. Ukraine[134]
  118. United Arab Emirates[48]
  119. United Kingdom[135][136][137]
  120. Uruguay[48]
  121. Uzbekistan[48]
  122. Vanuatu[57]
  123. Vietnam[138]
  124. Yemen[139]
  125. Zambia[140][141][142]
  126. Zimbabwe[57]

CARPHA countries and entities[143]

  1. Antigua and Barbuda
  2. Bahamas
  3. Barbados
  4. Belize
  5. Dominica
  6. Grenada
  7. Guyana
  8. Haiti
  9. Jamaica
  10. Saint Kitts and Nevis
  11. Saint Lucia
  12. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  13. Suriname[144]
  14. Trinidad and Tobago
  • Anguilla
  • Aruba
  • British Virgin Islands
  • Bermuda
  • Caribbean Netherlands
  • Cayman Islands
  • Curaçao
  • Montserrat
  • Sint Maarten
  • Turks and Caicos Islands

Non-country entities

Travel-only

EMA countries[6][38][155][1]

  1. Austria
  2. Belgium
  3. Bulgaria
  4. Croatia
  5. Cyprus
  6. Czech Republic
  7. Denmark
  8. Estonia
  9. Finland
  10. France
  11. Germany
  12. Greece
  13. Hungary
  14. Iceland
  15. Ireland
  16. Italy
  17. Latvia
  18. Liechtenstein
  19. Lithuania
  20. Luxembourg
  21. Malta
  22. Netherlands
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Portugal
  26. Romania
  27. Slovakia
  28. Slovenia
  29. Spain
  30. Sweden

Pfizer–BioNTech

Quick Facts

The Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, sold under the brand name Comirnaty,[37] is an mRNA vaccine[156] produced by the German company BioNTech and the American company Pfizer.[156][157][158] In Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan, Comirnaty is distributed by Fosun Pharma.[159][160][161][162][163][164]

Original

Full (39)
  1. Australia[165][166]
  2. Brazil[167]
  3. Canada[168][169]
  4. Marshall Islands[lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2]
  5. Micronesia[lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2]
  6. New Zealand[170]
  7. Palau[lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2]
  8. Saudi Arabia[173][145]
  9. Switzerland[174][175]

EMA countries[38][1]

  1. Austria
  2. Belgium
  3. Bulgaria
  4. Croatia
  5. Cyprus
  6. Czech Republic
  7. Denmark
  8. Estonia
  9. Finland
  10. France
  11. Germany
  12. Greece
  13. Hungary
  14. Iceland
  15. Ireland
  16. Italy
  17. Latvia
  18. Liechtenstein
  19. Lithuania
  20. Luxembourg
  21. Malta
  22. Netherlands
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Portugal
  26. Romania
  27. Slovakia
  28. Slovenia
  29. Spain
  30. Sweden

Non-country entities

Emergency (145)
  1. Afghanistan[48]
  2. Albania[178]
  3. Algeria[179]
  4. Andorra[180]
  5. Argentina[181]
  6. Armenia[182]
  7. Azerbaijan[57]
  8. Bahrain[183][184]
  9. Bangladesh[185]
  10. Benin[57]
  11. Bhutan[57]
  12. Bolivia[48]
  13. Bosnia and Herzegovina[54]
  14. Botswana[186]
  15. Brunei[56]
  16. Cambodia[57]
  17. Cameroon[57]
  18. Cape Verde[48]
  19. Chile[187]
  20. China (For German citizens)[188]
  21. Colombia[189]
  22. Congo-Kinshasa[190]
  23. Costa Rica[191]
  24. Djibouti[57]
  25. Dominican Republic[192]
  26. East Timor[57]
  27. Ecuador[193]
  28. Egypt[57]
  29. El Salvador[48][194]
  30. Eswatini[57]
  31. Fiji[195]
  32. Gabon[57]
  33. Georgia[57]
  34. Ghana[196]
  35. Guatemala[75]
  36. Guinea[57]
  37. Honduras[57]
  38. Indonesia[197]
  39. Iraq[198]
  40. Israel[199]
  41. Ivory Coast[57]
  42. Japan[81][200][201]
  43. Jordan[202]
  44. Kazakhstan[57]
  45. Kenya[203]
  46. Kosovo[57]
  47. Kuwait[204]
  48. Kyrgyzstan[57]
  49. Laos[57]
  50. Lebanon[205]
  51. Libya[48]
  52. Malawi[206]
  53. Malaysia[207]
  54. Maldives[208]
  55. Mexico[209][210]
  56. Moldova[99]
  57. Monaco[211]
  58. Mongolia[212]
  59. Montenegro[57]
  60. Morocco[57]
  61. Namibia[57]
  62. Nepal[213]
  63. Nicaragua[57]
  64. Nigeria[214]
  65. North Macedonia[215]
  66. Oman[216]
  67. Pakistan[217]
  68. Palestine[48]
  69. Panama[218]
  70. Papua New Guinea[219]
  71. Paraguay[220][221]
  72. Peru[222]
  73. Philippines[223]
  74. Qatar[224]
  75. Rwanda[48]
  76. Samoa[57]
  77. San Marino[48]
  78. Serbia[225][226]
  79. Singapore[227]
  80. Somalia[57]
  81. South Africa[228][229]
  82. South Korea[230][231]
  83. Sri Lanka[232]
  84. Sudan[48]
  85. Syria[57]
  86. Taiwan[163][164]
  87. Tajikistan[57]
  88. Tanzania[57]
  89. Thailand[233]
  90. Tonga[57]
  91. Tunisia[145]
  92. Turkey[234]
  93. Uganda[57]
  94. Ukraine[235]
  95. United Arab Emirates[236]
  96. United Kingdom[237][238][239]
  97. Uruguay[240]
  98. Uzbekistan[241]
  99. Vatican City[242][243]
  100. Vietnam[244]
  101. Yemen[57]
  102. Zambia[245]

CARPHA countries and entities[246][247]

  1. Antigua and Barbuda
  2. Bahamas
  3. Barbados
  4. Belize
  5. Dominica
  6. Grenada
  7. Guyana
  8. Haiti
  9. Jamaica
  10. Saint Kitts and Nevis
  11. Saint Lucia
  12. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  13. Suriname
  14. Trinidad and Tobago
  • Anguilla
  • Aruba
  • British Virgin Islands
  • Bermuda
  • Caribbean Netherlands
  • Cayman Islands
  • Curaçao
  • Montserrat
  • Sint Maarten
  • Turks and Caicos Islands


Non-country entities

Bivalent original–BA.1

  1. Japan[citation needed]

EMA countries[253][1]

  1. Austria
  2. Belgium
  3. Bulgaria
  4. Croatia
  5. Cyprus
  6. Czech Republic
  7. Denmark
  8. Estonia
  9. Finland
  10. France
  11. Germany
  12. Greece
  13. Hungary
  14. Iceland
  15. Ireland
  16. Italy
  17. Latvia
  18. Liechtenstein
  19. Lithuania
  20. Luxembourg
  21. Malta
  22. Netherlands
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Portugal
  26. Romania
  27. Slovakia
  28. Slovenia
  29. Spain
  30. Sweden

Non-country entities

Bivalent original–BA.4/5

  1. Canada[168][254]
  2. China (For German citizens)[188]

EMA countries[253][1]

  1. Austria
  2. Belgium
  3. Bulgaria
  4. Croatia
  5. Cyprus
  6. Czech Republic
  7. Denmark
  8. Estonia
  9. Finland
  10. France
  11. Germany
  12. Greece
  13. Hungary
  14. Iceland
  15. Ireland
  16. Italy
  17. Latvia
  18. Liechtenstein
  19. Lithuania
  20. Luxembourg
  21. Malta
  22. Netherlands
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Portugal
  26. Romania
  27. Slovakia
  28. Slovenia
  29. Spain
  30. Sweden

Non-country entities

XBB.1.5

  1. United States[257]

Janssen

Quick Facts

The Janssen COVID-19 vaccine[258] is a viral vector vaccine[259] produced by Janssen Pharmaceutica (a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson) and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.[260][261] It is also known as Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 Vaccine and as COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen.[262] Three countries, Denmark, Finland, and Norway, discontinued the use of the Janssen vaccine in favor of other available vaccines due to a possible link between the vaccine and a rare blood clot disorder.[263][19][264] The use of the Janssen adenovirus vector vaccine began in Finland in October 2021. It is only offered for those aged 65 and over because of a very rare risk of thrombosis in younger age groups.[20][22][21] The United States began use of the Janssen vaccine in March 2021,[265] but discouraged use in favor of other available vaccines in December 2021 due to the risk of a rare clotting disorder.[266] The Janssen vaccine became unavailable in the United States in May 2023 after all existing doses expired.[267]

Full (3)
  1. Australia (not used)[268][269]
  2. Canada[270][271]
  3. Switzerland[272][273]
Emergency (133)
  1. Afghanistan[57]
  2. Andorra[44]
  3. Argentina[274]
  4. Bahamas[275]
  5. Bahrain[276][277]
  6. Bangladesh[278][279]
  7. Benin[57]
  8. Bolivia[57]
  9. Botswana[280]
  10. Brazil[281]
  11. Brunei[57]
  12. Burkina Faso[57]
  13. Cambodia[57]
  14. Cameroon[57]
  15. Central African Republic[245]
  16. Chile[282]
  17. Colombia[283]
  18. Congo-Kinshasa[190]
  19. Djibouti[57]
  20. Egypt[57]
  21. Eswatini[57]
  22. Ethiopia[57]
  23. Gabon[245]
  24. Ghana[284]
  25. Guinea[57]
  26. Honduras[48]
  27. India[285]
  28. Indonesia[286]
  29. Iran[245]
  30. Iraq[57]
  31. Ivory Coast[57]
  32. Jordan[57]
  33. Kenya[203]
  34. Kuwait[287]
  35. Laos[57]
  36. Lebanon[57]
  37. Lesotho[57]
  38. Liberia[245]
  39. Libya[48]
  40. Madagascar[57]
  41. Malawi[57]
  42. Malaysia[288]
  43. Maldives[289]
  44. Mali[245]
  45. Marshall Islands[lower-alpha 1]
  46. Mauritania[245]
  47. Mexico[290][291]
  48. Micronesia[lower-alpha 1]
  49. Moldova[292]
  50. Monaco[57]
  51. Morocco[57]
  52. Mozambique[57]
  53. Namibia[57]
  54. Nepal[293]
  55. New Zealand[57]
  56. Nicaragua[57]
  57. Nigeria[294]
  58. Oman[57]
  59. Pakistan[57]
  60. Palau[lower-alpha 1]
  61. Palestine[57]
  62. Papua New Guinea[57]
  63. Peru[295]
  64. Philippines[296]
  65. Qatar[57]
  66. Rwanda[57]
  67. Saudi Arabia[57]
  68. Senegal[57]
  69. Singapore[118] (restricted)
  70. Somalia[57]
  71. South Africa[297]
  72. South Korea[298]
  73. South Sudan[57]
  74. Sudan[57]
  75. Syria[57]
  76. Taiwan (not used)[299]
  77. Tanzania[57]
  78. Thailand[300]
  79. Tunisia[301]
  80. Uganda[57]
  81. Ukraine[57]
  82. United Arab Emirates[57]
  83. United Kingdom[302]
  84. United States[265][303] (no longer available as of May 7, 2023 [267])
  85. Vanuatu[57]
  86. Vietnam[304][305]
  87. Yemen[57]
  88. Zambia[140][141][142]
  89. Zimbabwe[306]

EMA countries[262][38][307][1]

  1. Austria
  2. Belgium
  3. Bulgaria
  4. Croatia
  5. Cyprus
  6. Czech Republic
  7. Denmark
  8. Estonia
  9. Finland
  10. France
  11. Germany
  12. Greece
  13. Hungary
  14. Iceland
  15. Ireland
  16. Italy
  17. Latvia
  18. Liechtenstein
  19. Lithuania
  20. Luxembourg
  21. Malta
  22. Netherlands
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Portugal
  26. Romania
  27. Slovakia
  28. Slovenia
  29. Spain
  30. Sweden

CARPHA countries and entities[308]

  1. Antigua and Barbuda
  2. Bahamas
  3. Barbados
  4. Belize
  5. Dominica
  6. Grenada
  7. Guyana
  8. Haiti
  9. Jamaica
  10. Saint Kitts and Nevis
  11. Saint Lucia
  12. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines[309]
  13. Suriname
  14. Trinidad and Tobago
  • Anguilla
  • Aruba
  • British Virgin Islands
  • Bermuda
  • Caribbean Netherlands
  • Cayman Islands
  • Curaçao
  • Montserrat
  • Sint Maarten
  • Turks and Caicos Islands

Non-country entities

Travel-only

Moderna

Quick Facts

The Moderna COVID-19 vaccine, also known as Spikevax,[316] is an mRNA vaccine[317] produced by the American company Moderna, the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the U.S. Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, and the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations.[318][319] The Moderna vaccine is not offered for men under 30 years of age in Finland as a precaution to reduce a very rare risk of myocarditis.[320][22]

Original

Full (34)
  1. Australia[321]
  2. Canada[322][323][324][169]
  3. Switzerland[325]
  4. United Kingdom[326][327]

EMA countries[316][38][328][1]

  1. Austria
  2. Belgium
  3. Bulgaria
  4. Croatia
  5. Cyprus
  6. Czech Republic
  7. Denmark
  8. Estonia
  9. Finland
  10. France
  11. Germany
  12. Greece
  13. Hungary
  14. Iceland
  15. Ireland
  16. Italy
  17. Latvia
  18. Liechtenstein
  19. Lithuania
  20. Luxembourg
  21. Malta
  22. Netherlands
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Portugal
  26. Romania
  27. Slovakia
  28. Slovenia
  29. Spain
  30. Sweden
Emergency (116)
  1. Andorra[44]
  2. Argentina[329]
  3. Armenia[57]
  4. Bahrain[57]
  5. Bangladesh[330]
  6. Bhutan[57]
  7. Botswana[331]
  8. Bolivia[332]
  9. Brazil[333]
  10. Brunei[57]
  11. Cape Verde[57]
  12. Chile[334]
  13. Colombia[335]
  14. Congo-Brazzaville[48]
  15. Congo-Kinshasa[190]
  16. Djibouti[57]
  17. Egypt[336]
  18. El Salvador[57]
  19. Fiji[57]
  20. Ghana[337]
  21. Guatemala[75]
  22. Honduras[338]
  23. India[339]
  24. Indonesia[340]
  25. Iran[57]
  26. Iraq[57]
  27. Israel[341]
  28. Japan[81][342]
  29. Jordan[57]
  30. Kenya[343]
  31. Kuwait[344]
  32. Kyrgyzstan[57]
  33. Lebanon[57]
  34. Libya[48]
  35. Malawi[206]
  36. Malaysia[345]
  37. Maldives[346]
  38. Marshall Islands[lower-alpha 1]
  39. Mexico[347][348]
  40. Micronesia[lower-alpha 1]
  41. Moldova[292]
  42. Monaco[57]
  43. Mongolia[100]
  44. Morocco[57]
  45. Nepal[349]
  46. Nigeria[350]
  47. Oman[57]
  48. Pakistan[57]
  49. Palau[lower-alpha 1]
  50. Palestine[48]
  51. Paraguay[57]
  52. Peru[351]
  53. Philippines[352]
  54. Qatar[353]
  55. Rwanda[48]
  56. Saudi Arabia[114]
  57. Serbia[354]
  58. Singapore[355]
  59. South Korea[356]
  60. Sri Lanka[57]
  61. Sudan[57]
  62. Syria[57]
  63. Taiwan[357]
  64. Tajikistan[358]
  65. Thailand[359]
  66. Tunisia[57]
  67. Uganda[57]
  68. Ukraine[360]
  69. United Arab Emirates[361]
  70. Uzbekistan[362]
  71. Vietnam[363][364]
  72. Yemen[57]

CARPHA countries and entities[246][308]

  1. Antigua and Barbuda
  2. Bahamas
  3. Barbados
  4. Belize
  5. Dominica
  6. Grenada
  7. Guyana
  8. Haiti
  9. Jamaica
  10. Saint Kitts and Nevis
  11. Saint Lucia
  12. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  13. Suriname
  14. Trinidad and Tobago
  • Anguilla
  • Aruba
  • British Virgin Islands
  • Bermuda
  • Caribbean Netherlands
  • Cayman Islands
  • Curaçao
  • Montserrat
  • Sint Maarten
  • Turks and Caicos Islands


Non-country entities

Travel-only

Bivalent original–BA.1

  1. Australia[368]
  2. Canada[322][369]
  3. Japan[citation needed]
  4. Singapore[370]
  5. Switzerland[371]
  6. Taiwan[372][373]
  7. United Kingdom[374]

EMA countries[375][1]

  1. Austria
  2. Belgium
  3. Bulgaria
  4. Croatia
  5. Cyprus
  6. Czech Republic
  7. Denmark
  8. Estonia
  9. Finland
  10. France
  11. Germany
  12. Greece
  13. Hungary
  14. Iceland
  15. Ireland
  16. Italy
  17. Latvia
  18. Liechtenstein
  19. Lithuania
  20. Luxembourg
  21. Malta
  22. Netherlands
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Portugal
  26. Romania
  27. Slovakia
  28. Slovenia
  29. Spain
  30. Sweden

Bivalent original–BA.4/5

  1. Taiwan[376]

XBB.1.5

  1. United States[377]

Sinopharm BIBP

Quick Facts

The Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine is an inactivated virus vaccine produced by the China National Pharmaceutical Group (Sinopharm) and its Beijing Institute of Biological Products.[378][379]

Full (4)
  1. Bahrain[380]
  2. China[381]
  3. Seychelles[382]
  4. United Arab Emirates[383][384]
Emergency (111)
  1. Afghanistan[385]
  2. Algeria[386]
  3. Angola[387]
  4. Argentina[388]
  5. Armenia[57]
  6. Bangladesh[389]
  7. Belarus[390]
  8. Bhutan[391]
  9. Bolivia[392]
  10. Bosnia and Herzegovina[393]
  11. Brazil[333]
  12. Brunei[394]
  13. Burkina Faso[57]
  14. Burundi[57]
  15. Cambodia[395]
  16. Cameroon[48]
  17. Cape Verde[57]
  18. Chad[396]
  19. Comoros[48]
  20. Congo-Brazzaville[48]
  21. Cuba[397]
  22. Djibouti[48]
  23. Dominican Republic[398]
  24. Egypt[399]
  25. El Salvador[57]
  26. Equatorial Guinea[400]
  27. Ethiopia[401]
  28. Gabon[402]
  29. Gambia[57]
  30. Georgia[403]
  31. Guinea-Bissau[48]
  32. Guinea[57]
  33. Hungary[404][405]
  34. Indonesia[406]
  35. Iran[407]
  36. Iraq[79]
  37. Ivory Coast[57]
  38. Jordan[408]
  39. Kazakhstan[409]
  40. Kenya[343]
  41. Kiribati[57]
  42. Kuwait[48]
  43. Kyrgyzstan[410]
  44. Laos[411]
  45. Lebanon[412]
  46. Lesotho[57]
  47. Libya[413]
  48. Madagascar[57]
  49. Malawi[414]
  50. Malaysia[415]
  51. Maldives[416]
  52. Mauritania[417]
  53. Mauritius[48]
  54. Mexico[418][419]
  55. Moldova[420]
  56. Mongolia[421]
  57. Montenegro[422]
  58. Morocco[423]
  59. Mozambique[424]
  60. Myanmar[425]
  61. Namibia[426]
  62. Nepal[427]
  63. Nicaragua[428]
  64. Niger[429]
  65. Nigeria[430]
  66. North Korea[431]
  67. North Macedonia[432]
  68. Oman[48]
  69. Pakistan[433]
  70. Palestine[434]
  71. Papua New Guinea[435]
  72. Paraguay[57]
  73. Peru[436]
  74. Philippines[437]
  75. Qatar[48]
  76. Rwanda[438]
  77. Senegal[439]
  78. Serbia[440]
  79. Sierra Leone[441]
  80. Singapore[442]
  81. Solomon Islands[443]
  82. Somalia[444]
  83. South Sudan[445]
  84. Sri Lanka[446]
  85. Sudan[447][448]
  86. Syria[57]
  87. Tanzania[57]
  88. Thailand[449]
  89. Tunisia[450]
  90. Turkmenistan[451]
  91. Vanuatu[452]
  92. Venezuela[453]
  93. Vietnam[454]
  94. Yemen[48]
  95. Zambia[455]
  96. Zimbabwe[456]

CARPHA countries and entities[457]

  1. Antigua and Barbuda
  2. Bahamas
  3. Barbados
  4. Belize
  5. Dominica
  6. Grenada
  7. Guyana
  8. Haiti
  9. Jamaica
  10. Saint Kitts and Nevis
  11. Saint Lucia
  12. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  13. Suriname
  14. Trinidad and Tobago
  • Anguilla
  • Aruba
  • British Virgin Islands
  • Bermuda
  • Caribbean Netherlands
  • Cayman Islands
  • Curaçao
  • Montserrat
  • Sint Maarten
  • Turks and Caicos Islands


Non-country entities

Travel-only

Sputnik V

Quick Facts

The Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine is a viral vector vaccine[500] produced by the Russian Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology.

Full (3)
  1. Russia[501][502]
  2. Turkmenistan[503][504]
  3. Uzbekistan[505]
Emergency (76)
  1. Albania[42]
  2. Algeria[506]
  3. Angola[507]
  4. Antigua and Barbuda[508]
  5. Argentina[509]
  6. Armenia[510]
  7. Azerbaijan[511][512]
  8. Bahrain[513]
  9. Bangladesh[514]
  10. Belarus[515]
  11. Bolivia[516]
  12. Bosnia and Herzegovina[517]
  13. Brazil[518] (restricted)
  14. Cambodia[519]
  15. Cameroon[520]
  16. Chile[521]
  17. Congo-Brazzaville[507]
  18. Djibouti[507]
  19. Ecuador[522]
  20. Egypt[66]
  21. Gabon[523]
  22. Gambia[524]
  23. Ghana[525]
  24. Guatemala[526]
  25. Guinea[527]
  26. Guyana[528]
  27. Honduras[529]
  28. Hungary[530][517][405]
  29. India[531]
  30. Indonesia[532]
  31. Iran[533]
  32. Iraq[534]
  33. Ivory Coast[57]
  34. Jordan[535]
  35. Kazakhstan[536]
  36. Kenya[537]
  37. Kyrgyzstan[538]
  38. Laos[411]
  39. Lebanon[539]
  40. Libya[90][91]
  41. Maldives[540]
  42. Mali[541]
  43. Mauritius[542]
  44. Mexico[543]
  45. Moldova[99]
  46. Mongolia[544]
  47. Montenegro[545]
  48. Morocco[546]
  49. Myanmar[547]
  50. Namibia[548]
  51. Nepal[549]
  52. Nicaragua[550]
  53. Nigeria[551]
  54. North Macedonia[552]
  55. Oman[553]
  56. Pakistan[554]
  57. Palestine[555]
  58. Panama[556]
  59. Paraguay[557]
  60. Peru[558]
  61. Philippines[559]
  62. Rwanda[57]
  63. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines[309]
  64. San Marino[560][561]
  65. Serbia[562]
  66. Seychelles[563]
  67. Sri Lanka[564]
  68. Syria[565]
  69. Tajikistan[57]
  70. Tanzania[566]
  71. Tunisia[567]
  72. Turkey (limited use)[568][569]
  73. United Arab Emirates[570]
  74. Venezuela[571]
  75. Vietnam[572]
  76. Zimbabwe[573]


Non-country entities


Expired
Rejected
Travel-only

CoronaVac

Quick Facts

The CoronaVac COVID-19 vaccine is an inactivated virus vaccine[590] produced by the Chinese company Sinovac Biotech.[590][591][592]

Full (1)
  1. China[593]


Non-country entities

Emergency (71)
  1. Afghanistan[48]
  2. Albania[42]
  3. Algeria[57]
  4. Argentina[245]
  5. Armenia[595]
  6. Azerbaijan[596]
  7. Bangladesh[597]
  8. Benin[598]
  9. Bolivia[599]
  10. Bosnia and Herzegovina[600]
  11. Botswana[601]
  12. Brazil[602]
  13. Cambodia[603]
  14. Chile[604]
  15. Colombia[605]
  16. Djibouti[606]
  17. Dominica[145]
  18. Dominican Republic[607]
  19. East Timor[608]
  20. Ecuador[609]
  21. Egypt[610]
  22. El Salvador[611]
  23. Equatorial Guinea[57]
  24. Fiji[612]
  25. Gabon[145]
  26. Georgia[613]
  27. Guinea[614]
  28. Guyana[145]
  29. Hungary[57]
  30. Indonesia[615][616]
  31. Iraq[48]
  32. Jordan[48]
  33. Kazakhstan[617]
  34. Kuwait[48]
  35. Laos[593]
  36. Lebanon[48]
  37. Libya[618]
  38. Malawi[414]
  39. Malaysia[619]
  40. Maldives[57]
  41. Mexico[620]
  42. Moldova[621]
  43. Morocco[145]
  44. Myanmar[622]
  45. Nepal[623]
  46. North Macedonia[624]
  47. Oman[553]
  48. Pakistan[625]
  49. Palestine[57]
  50. Panama[626]
  51. Paraguay[627]
  52. Philippines[628]
  53. Qatar[48]
  54. Rwanda[57]
  55. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines[145]
  56. Saudi Arabia[629]
  57. Singapore[630]
  58. Somalia[48]
  59. South Africa[631]
  60. Sri Lanka[632]
  61. Sudan[48]
  62. Syria[57]
  63. Tajikistan[633]
  64. Tanzania[634]
  65. Thailand[635]
  66. Togo[636]
  67. Trinidad and Tobago[637]
  68. Tunisia[638]
  69. Turkey[639]
  70. Turkmenistan[640]
  71. Uganda[57]
  72. Ukraine[641]
  73. United Arab Emirates[48]
  74. Uruguay[593]
  75. Uzbekistan[642]
  76. Venezuela[643]
  77. Yemen[57]
  78. Zimbabwe[573]


Non-country entities

Travel-only

Novavax

Quick Facts

The Novavax COVID-19 vaccine, sold under the brand names Nuvaxovid and Covovax, is a subunit COVID-19 vaccine candidate developed by Novavax and the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations.[653][654]

Full (4)
  1. Australia[655]
  2. Canada[656][657]
  3. Japan[658]
  4. South Korea[659]
Emergency (57)
  1. Bangladesh[660]
  2. India[661]
  3. Indonesia[662]
  4. Monaco[57]
  5. New Zealand[663]
  6. Philippines[664]
  7. Singapore[665]
  8. South Africa[245]
  9. Switzerland[666]
  10. Thailand[667]
  11. Taiwan[668]
  12. United Kingdom[669]
  13. United States[670][671]

EMA countries[672][1]

  1. Austria
  2. Belgium
  3. Bulgaria
  4. Croatia
  5. Cyprus
  6. Czech Republic
  7. Denmark
  8. Estonia
  9. Finland
  10. France
  11. Germany
  12. Greece
  13. Hungary
  14. Iceland
  15. Ireland
  16. Italy
  17. Latvia
  18. Liechtenstein
  19. Lithuania
  20. Luxembourg
  21. Malta
  22. Netherlands
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Portugal
  26. Romania
  27. Slovakia
  28. Slovenia
  29. Spain
  30. Sweden

CARPHA countries and entities[245][673]

  1. Antigua and Barbuda
  2. Bahamas
  3. Barbados
  4. Belize
  5. Dominica
  6. Grenada
  7. Guyana
  8. Haiti
  9. Jamaica
  10. Saint Kitts and Nevis[489]
  11. Saint Lucia[490]
  12. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines[491]
  13. Suriname
  14. Trinidad and Tobago
  • Anguilla
  • Aruba
  • British Virgin Islands
  • Bermuda
  • Caribbean Netherlands
  • Cayman Islands
  • Curaçao
  • Montserrat
  • Sint Maarten
  • Turks and Caicos Islands


Non-country entities

Travel-only

Covaxin

Quick Facts

Covaxin is an inactivated virus vaccine produced by the Indian company Bharat Biotech in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research–National Institute of Virology.

Full (1)
  1. India[34]
Emergency (50)
  1. Afghanistan[48]
  2. Bahrain[48][676]
  3. Botswana[48][677]
  4. Central African Republic[48]
  5. Comoros[48]
  6. Egypt[48]
  7. Ethiopia[48][57]
  8. Guatemala[677] (not used)[678]
  9. Iran[48][679]
  10. Iraq[48]
  11. Jordan[48]
  12. Kuwait[48]
  13. Lebanon[48]
  14. Libya[48]
  15. Malaysia[680]
  16. Mauritius[681]
  17. Mexico[682] (not used)[678]
  18. Morocco[48]
  19. Myanmar[683]
  20. Nepal[48][684]
  21. Nicaragua[677] (not used)[678]
  22. Oman[48]
  23. Pakistan[48]
  24. Paraguay[48][685][686]
  25. Philippines[687][688]
  26. Qatar[48]
  27. Somalia[48]
  28. Sudan[48]
  29. Syria[48]
  30. Tunisia[48]
  31. United Arab Emirates[48]
  32. Venezuela[677] (not used)[678]
  33. Vietnam[689]
  34. Yemen[48]
  35. Zimbabwe[690]

CARPHA countries and entities[245][673]

  1. Antigua and Barbuda
  2. Bahamas
  3. Barbados
  4. Belize
  5. Dominica
  6. Grenada[475]
  7. Guyana[677] (not used)[678]
  8. Haiti
  9. Jamaica
  10. Saint Kitts and Nevis[489]
  11. Saint Lucia[490]
  12. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines[491]
  13. Suriname
  14. Trinidad and Tobago[637]
  • Anguilla
  • Aruba
  • British Virgin Islands
  • Bermuda
  • Caribbean Netherlands
  • Cayman Islands
  • Curaçao
  • Montserrat
  • Sint Maarten
  • Turks and Caicos Islands


Non-country entities

Travel-only

VLA2001

Quick Facts

VLA2001 is an inactivated vaccine developed by Valneva SE and Dynavax Technologies.

Full (1)
  1. United Kingdom[696]
Emergency (32)
  1. Bahrain[697]
  2. United Arab Emirates[698]

EMA countries[699][1]

  1. Austria
  2. Belgium
  3. Bulgaria
  4. Croatia
  5. Cyprus
  6. Czech Republic
  7. Denmark
  8. Estonia
  9. Finland
  10. France
  11. Germany
  12. Greece
  13. Hungary
  14. Iceland
  15. Ireland
  16. Italy
  17. Latvia
  18. Liechtenstein
  19. Lithuania
  20. Luxembourg
  21. Malta
  22. Netherlands
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Portugal
  26. Romania
  27. Slovakia
  28. Slovenia
  29. Spain
  30. Sweden
Travel-only

Sanofi–GSK

The Sanofi–GSK COVID-19 vaccine, sold under the brand name VidPrevtyn Beta, is a subunit vaccine developed by Sanofi Pasteur and GSK plc. It is based on the SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant.

EMA countries (as booster only)[700]

  1. Austria
  2. Belgium
  3. Bulgaria
  4. Croatia
  5. Cyprus
  6. Czech Republic
  7. Denmark
  8. Estonia
  9. Finland
  10. France
  11. Germany
  12. Greece
  13. Hungary
  14. Iceland
  15. Ireland
  16. Italy
  17. Latvia
  18. Liechtenstein
  19. Lithuania
  20. Luxembourg
  21. Malta
  22. Netherlands
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Portugal
  26. Romania
  27. Slovakia
  28. Slovenia
  29. Spain
  30. Sweden

Sputnik Light

Quick Facts

Sputnik Light is a viral vector vaccine,[701] produced by the Russian Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology. It consists of the first dose of the Sputnik V vaccine, which is based on the Ad26 vector.[702]

Full (0)
Emergency (28)
  1. Angola[703]
  2. Argentina[704]
  3. Armenia[705]
  4. Bahrain[706]
  5. Belarus[707]
  6. Benin[708]
  7. Cambodia[519]
  8. Congo-Brazzaville[709]
  9. Egypt[710]
  10. Iran[245]
  11. India[711]
  12. Kazakhstan[712]
  13. Kyrgyzstan[713]
  14. Laos[57]
  15. Mauritius[714]
  16. Mongolia[715]
  17. Nicaragua[716]
  18. Palestine[717]
  19. Philippines[718]
  20. Russia[719]
  21. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines[57]
  22. San Marino[720]
  23. Syria[721]
  24. Tanzania[245]
  25. Tunisia[245]
  26. Turkmenistan[245][722]
  27. United Arab Emirates[723]
  28. Venezuela[724]


Non-country entities

Travel-only

Convidecia

Quick Facts

Convidecia is a viral vector vaccine[727] produced by the Chinese company CanSino Biologics and the Beijing Institute of Biotechnology of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences.

Full (1)
  1. China[728]
Emergency (9)
  1. Argentina[729]
  2. Chile[730]
  3. Ecuador[731]
  4. Hungary[732][405]
  5. Indonesia[286]
  6. Malaysia[733]
  7. Mexico[620]
  8. Moldova[292]
  9. Pakistan[734]


Non-country entities

Travel-only

Sinopharm WIBP

Quick Facts

The Sinopharm WIBP COVID-19 vaccine is an inactivated virus vaccine produced by the China National Pharmaceutical Group (Sinopharm) and its Wuhan Institute of Biological Products.

Full (1)
  1. China[736]
Emergency (5)
  1. Armenia[48]
  2. North Macedonia[57]
  3. Peru[57]
  4. Philippines[737]
  5. United Arab Emirates[145]
  6. Venezuela[57]
Travel-only

Abdala

Quick Facts

Abdala is a subunit vaccine developed by the Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology in Cuba.

Full (0)
Emergency (6)
  1. Cuba[738][739]
  2. Mexico[740]
  3. Nicaragua[741]
  4. St. Vincent and the Grenadines[742][743]
  5. Venezuela[744]
  6. Vietnam[145]
Travel-only

EpiVacCorona

Quick Facts

EpiVacCorona is a peptide vaccine produced by the Russian State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR.[749]

Full (1)
  1. Turkmenistan[750][751]
Emergency (4)
  1. Belarus[752]
  2. Cambodia[245]
  3. Russia[753][754]
  4. Venezuela[245]
Travel-only

Zifivax

Quick Facts

Zifivax is a subunit vaccine produced by the Chinese company Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical.[755]

Full (0)
Emergency (5)
  1. China[756]
  2. Colombia[757]
  3. Indonesia[758]
  4. Pakistan[759]
  5. Uzbekistan[760]
Travel-only

Soberana 02

Quick Facts

Soberana 02, is a conjugate vaccine developed by the Finlay Institute in Cuba.[761]

Full (0)
Emergency (4)
  1. Cuba[762]
  2. Iran[761]
  3. Nicaragua[763]
  4. Venezuela[245]
Travel-only

CoviVac

Quick Facts

CoviVac is an inactivated virus vaccine[701] produced by the Chumakov Centre at the Russian Academy of Sciences.[765]

Full (0)
Emergency (3)
  1. Belarus[766]
  2. Cambodia[245]
  3. Russia[767]
Travel-only

QazCovid-in

Quick Facts

QazCovid-in, also known as QazVac, is an inactivated virus vaccine developed by the Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems in Kazakhstan.[768]

Full (0)
Emergency (2)
  1. Kazakhstan[768]
  2. Kyrgyzstan[769][770][771]
Travel-only

Minhai

Quick Facts

Minhai COVID-19 vaccine, is an inactivated virus vaccine developed by Minhai Biotechnology Co. and Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products Co. Ltd. in China.[772]

Full (0)
Emergency (2)
  1. China[772]
  2. Indonesia[773]
Travel-only

Medigen

Quick Facts

MVC-COV1901, is a protein subunit vaccine developed by Taiwan's Medigen Vaccine Biologics and Dynavax Technologies.[774]

Full (0)
Emergency (3)
  1. Eswatini[245]
  2. Taiwan[774]
  3. Paraguay[775]
Non-country entities

1. Somaliland[776]

Travel-only

Corbevax

Corbevax is a protein subunit vaccine developed by Texas Children's Hospital at the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas, and licensed to Indian biopharmaceutical firm Biological E. Limited (BioE) for development and production.[661][780]

Full (0)
Emergency (2)
  1. India[661]
  2. Botswana[781]
Travel-only

COVIran Barekat

COVIran Barekat, is an inactivated virus vaccine developed by Shifa Pharmed Industrial Co. in Iran.[782]

Full (0)
Emergency (2)
  1. Iran[782]
  2. Nicaragua[783]
Travel-only

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences COVID-19 vaccine, is an inactivated virus vaccine developed by Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.[786]

Full (0)
Emergency (1)
  1. China[786]
Travel-only

ZyCoV-D

ZyCoV-D, is a DNA plasmid based COVID-19 vaccine developed by the Indian pharmaceutical company Cadila Healthcare with support from the Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council.[787]

Full (0)
Emergency (1)
  1. India[787]
Travel-only

FAKHRAVAC

FAKHRAVAC (or MIVAC), is an inactivated virus vaccine developed in Iran by the Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research, an organization of Iran's Ministry of Defense.[788]

Full (0)
Emergency (1)
  1. Iran[788]
Travel-only

COVAX-19

COVAX-19, also known as SpikoGen, is a protein subunit vaccine jointly developed by Australian-based company Vaxine and Iran-based company CinnaGen.[789]

Full (0)
Emergency (1)
  1. Iran[789]
Travel-only

Razi Cov Pars

Razi Cov Pars is a protein subunit vaccine developed by Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute.[790]

Full (0)
Emergency (1)
  1. Iran[790]
Travel-only

Turkovac

Turkovac is an inactivated vaccine developed by Health Institutes of Turkey and Erciyes University.[791]

Full (0)
Emergency (1)
  1. Turkey[791]
Travel-only

Sinopharm CNBG

Sinopharm CNBG COVID-19 vaccine (NVSI) is a recombinant protein subunit vaccine developed by the National Vaccine & Serum Institute (NVSI, 中生研究院), a subsidiary of China National Biotec Group (CNBG), which in turn is a subsidiary of Sinopharm.[792]

Full (0)
Emergency (1)
  1. United Arab Emirates[792]
Travel-only

Soberana Plus

Soberana Plus is a single-dose of conjugate vaccine developed by the Finlay Institute in Cuba.[793]

Full (0)[793]
Emergency (2)
  1. Belarus[794]
  2. Cuba[795]
Travel-only

CoVLP

CoVLP is a virus-like particle vaccine grown in an Australian weed, Nicotiana benthamiana. It was developed by Medicago, and is marketed under the name Covifenz Archived 24 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine.

Full (1)
  1. Canada[796]
Emergency (0)
Travel-only

Noora

Noora is a protein-based vaccine developed by the Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences.

Full (0)
Emergency (1)
  1. Iran[797]
Travel-only

SKYCovione

SKYCovione is a protein subunit vaccine developed by SK Bioscience.

Full (0)
Emergency (1)
  1. South Korea[798]

Walvax

Walvax COVID-19 vaccine is an RNA vaccine developed by Walvax Biotechnology, Suzhou Abogen Biosciences, and the PLA Academy of Military Science.[799]

Full (0)
Emergency (1)
  1. Indonesia[800]

iNCOVACC

iNCOVACC, also called BBV154 is an adenovirus vector vaccine developed by Bharat Biotech, Precision Virologics, and Washington University School of Medicine.

Full (0)
Emergency (1)
  1. India[245][801]

Gemcovac

Gemcovac, or GEMCOVAC-19, is a self-amplifying mRNA vaccine manufactured by Gennova Biopharmaceuticals.

Full (0)
Emergency (1)
  1. India[245][802]

V-01

V-01 is a protein subunit vaccine developed by Livzon Mabpharm.

Full (0)
Emergency (1)
  1. China[245][803]

IndoVac

IndoVac is a protein subunit vaccine developed by Indonesian pharmaceutical company Bio Farma and Baylor College of Medicine.

Full (0)
Emergency (1)
  1. Indonesia[245]

Notes

  1. via United States authorization through Compact of Free Association[171][172]
  2. Full approval only for those aged 12+. EUA still applies for recipients aged 6 months through 11 years.

References

  1. [1]
    "COVID-19 vaccines: authorised". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 11 January 2021. Retrieved 31 October 2022.
  2. [2]
    "Status of COVID-19 Vaccines within WHO EUL/PQ evaluation process". World Health Organization (WHO).
  3. [3]
    "International COVID-19 vaccines recognised by Australia". Therapeutic Goods Administration. Australian Government Department of Health. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  4. [4]
    "COVID-19 and the border - Vaccinated travellers". Department of Home Affairs. Australian Government Department of Home Affairs. Archived from the original on 14 March 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  5. [5]
    "COVID-19 vaccinations". Smartraveller. Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  6. [6]
    "Vaxzevria (previously COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca) EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 25 January 2021.
  7. [7]
    "Covishield and Covaxin: What we know about India's Covid-19 vaccines". BBC News. 4 March 2021. Archived from the original on 7 March 2021. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
  8. [8]
    "Investigating a Vaccine Against COVID-19". ClinicalTrials.gov. United States National Library of Medicine. 26 May 2020. NCT04400838. Archived from the original on 11 October 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
  9. [9]
    "A Phase 2/3 study to determine the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of the candidate Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19". EU Clinical Trials Register. European Union. 21 April 2020. EudraCT 2020-001228-32. Archived from the original on 5 October 2020. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
  10. [10]
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