Early life

Born in London, the daughter of Reeney (Irene) and Eric Murphy, Jill Murphy was brought up in Chessington, Surrey.^[2] Reminiscing about growing up in post-war Britain, she said: "I had a classic 1950s childhood. My mum was at home, because in those days that's what mums did. My dad worked in an aircraft factory. He was up really early in the morning, came home exhausted at night and I didn't really see him".^[3] She won a scholarship to the Roman Catholic grammar school in Wimbledon.^[4] She showed an interest in writing and drawing at the age of 6; although not excelling in other school subjects, she had made her own enormous library of hand-written and illustrated books while still at primary school.^[5] She enjoyed reading boarding-school stories, which provided material and inspiration for Miss Cackle's Academy in the Worst Witch series, as did the Ursuline High School, Wimbledon, which she attended.^[6] She grew up as a Roman Catholic, but she did not practise the faith in later years.^[7] Her stay-at-home mother was a "book maniac" and her father was an Irish engineer.^[8]

The Worst Witch

Murphy started to write The Worst Witch – "the magical tale of an accident-prone girl attempting to navigate the magical codes and murky corridors of Miss Cackle's Academy for Witches"^[7] – while still at school (Murphy admitted to having herself been the model for her protagonist Mildred Hubble),^[9] but put the book on hold while she attended Chelsea and Croydon Art Schools.^[10] She continued to write it during a year living in a village in Togo, West Africa, and later while working as a nanny back in the UK. After receiving rejection letters from publishers to whom she offered the book (as she recalls, "They said children would be frightened about a school for witches..."),^[11] in 1970 when she was 21 she decided to try the new young company Allison & Busby (founded by Clive Allison and Margaret Busby),^[12][13] as the result of a series of coincidences involving Murphy having spent time in Ghana, and a friend meeting Ghanaian Margaret Busby at a party in London.^[14] Murphy said she was "thrilled to find the publishers were quirky like me",^[7] as she further revealed in an interview with The Telegraph: "They accepted it immediately, and printed 5,000 copies, and I remember wondering how many aunts and uncles I had, and what we would do with the rest".^[15] The book proved an instant success with both critics and readers,^[2] selling out within two months of publication in 1974.^[16] Murphy continued working as a nanny until Allison & Busby's publication in 1980 of The Worst Witch Strikes Again prompted her to devote herself to writing full-time.^[6]

The Worst Witch stories have become some of the most successful titles on the Young Puffin paperback list and had sold more than three million copies by 2008,^[17] and more than five million worldwide as of 2016.^[18] Several adaptations of The Worst Witch were made, starting in 1986 with a television film of the same title, premiering on ITV. It later aired on Disney Channel during the 1990s around the time of Halloween. Other adaptations include an ITV series, broadcast on CITV between 1998 and 2001 (followed by its two spin-offs in 2001 and 2005), and another in 2017 on CBBC.

A musical stage production called The Worst Witch Live, adapted by Emma Reeves from Murphy's original work,^[19] was shown at the Royal & Derngate Theatre in Northampton as a Christmas show in 2018, and toured the UK in 2019 across some 16 different venues, including at the Vaudeville Theatre in London's West End from 24 July to 8 September 2019.^[20] The show received an Olivier Award for best family show in 2020.^[21]

Picture books

Murphy was also known for picture books, especially the Large Family series, which detail the domestic chaos of an elephant family. First published in 1986, Five Minutes Peace has sold more than five million copies worldwide and has been translated into 19 languages.^[22] For the second book, All in One Piece (1987), she was a commended runner-up for the Greenaway Medal from the British Library Association, recognising the year's best children's book by a British subject (the second of her two commendations).^{[23][lower-alpha 1]} The Large Family is now a television series on CBeebies and ABC Kids. In 1996, The Last Noo-Noo was adapted as a play and performed at the Polka Theatre, London.^[6]

Murphy also wrote Dear Hound (2009), about a deerhound who goes missing after a storm and the quest for his owners to find him.^[24]