Horwitz_Defense

Franco-Indian Defence

Franco-Indian Defence

Chess opening

The Franco-Indian Defence (also Horwitz Defence) is a chess opening defined by the moves:

1. d4 e6
Quick Facts Moves, ECO ...

This response to White's 1.d4 is so named "because it may lead to the French Defence, or to one of the Indian Defences; it may, however, take a different course."[1] Alternatively, author Eric Schiller has proposed the name "Horwitz Defence", after the German chess master and writer Bernhard Horwitz (1807–1885), who played it against Daniel Harrwitz between 1849 and 1852.[2][3]

The opening has little independent significance and is likely to transpose into other openings. English grandmaster Simon Williams often uses 1.d4 e6 as a way of playing for the Dutch Defence while avoiding the Staunton Gambit (1.d4 f5 2.e4!?).[4][5] One of the few independent lines is the Keres Defence (1.d4 e6 2.c4 Bb4+), where White usually plays 3.Bd2, avoiding a transpostion to the Nimzo-Indian Defence; however, transpositions to other openings such as the Bogo-Indian Defence are still possible.

The Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings code for the Franco-Indian Defence is A40.

This article uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves.

Common transpositions

See also

References

  1. [1]
    Hooper, David; Whyld, Kenneth (1996) [First pub. 1992], "Franco-Indian Defence", The Oxford Companion to Chess (2nd ed.), Oxford University Press, p. 144, ISBN 0-19-280049-3
  2. [2]
    "CHESSGAMES.COM * Chess game search engine". Chessgames.com. Retrieved 2020-07-17.
  3. [3]
    Schiller, Eric (1998), Unorthodox Chess Openings (1st ed.), Cardoza Publishing, p. 196, ISBN 0-940685-73-6
  4. [4]
    "Review: The Aggressive Classical Dutch". Chess News. 2019-01-22. Retrieved 2020-07-17.
  5. [5]
    Williams, Simon (2003). Play the Classical Dutch. London, England: Gambit Publications. ISBN 978-1901983883.
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