Goalball at the 2008 Summer Paralympics was held in the Beijing Institute of Technology Gymnasium from September 7 to September 14. The competition consisted of men's and women's team events, and what had been billed as one of the most open tournaments certainly lived up to expectations.

In the women's gold medal game, the lead changed hands five times, with the USA outlasting China by a score of 6–5, with never more than one goal in it. The winning goal came from Asya Miller with less than a minute to go.

The gold medal in the men's game was even more dramatic. Lithuania, the current world champions, took advantage of a clutch of penalties in the first half to jump ahead of China by 6 goals to 2 at the half, and looked to be holding on despite a steady comeback. With only 50 seconds on the clock, the Chinese were two goals behind (6–8) but managed to overturn the deficit with three goals in 30 seconds to take the gold 9–8, sending the packed BIT Gymnasium into rapture.

Players are given a classification depending on the type and extent of their disability. Visually impaired athletes in classes B1 through B3 can take part in goalball. Partially sighted players wear blindfolds so that they compete on equal terms with blind players.

There were 12 men's teams and 8 women's teams taking part in this sport.

Men's

Slovenia Gorazd Dolanc Matej Ledinek Dejan Pirc Simon Podobnikar Ivan Vinkler Bostjan Vogrincic	Lithuania Arvydas Juchna Saulius Leonavicius Nerijus Montvydas Genrik Pavliukianec Zydrunas Simkus Marius Zibolis	Denmark Mads Brix Baulund Jonas Elkjaer Peter Troels Hahnemann Weichel Kenneth Hansen Ricky Nielsen Martin Pedersen	Spain Vicente Galiana Jose Fernando Garcia Raul Garcia Jose Perez Tomas Rubio Jesus Nazaret Santana Guillen
Finland Veli-Matti Aittola Toni Alenius Jorma Kivinen Jarno Mattila Erkki Ilmari Miinala Petri Kalevi Posio	Belgium Youssef Bihi Vincent Buisseret Johann Cyriel G. de Rick Bruno Jan Vanhove Danny van Eenooghe Peter van Hout	China Bao Dao Lei Cai Changgui Chen Liang Liang Du Jinran Yao Yongquan Yang Chunhong	Canada Mario Caron Jeff Christy Rob Christy Bruno Hache Dean Kozak
Sweden Mikael Bo Akerberg Jimmy Bjorkstrand Stefan Ingvar Gahne Niklas Glenn Hultqvist Oskar Kuus Fatmir Seremeti	Brazil Alexsander Celente Thiago Henrique Firmino da Costa Legy Freire Paulo Homem Romário Marques Luiz Silva Filho	Iran Seyed Rahmatollah Hosseini Moghadamkari Behzad Jahangiri Ghavam Javad Jalali Mohsen Jalilvandshirkhanitabar Seyed Mehdi Sayahi Mohammad Soranji Estarki	United States Steve Denuyl Chris Dodds Tyler Merren Donte Mickens Edward Munro Daryl Walker

Women's

China Chen Fengqing Fan Feifei Lin Shan Wang Ruixue Wang Shasha Xu Juan	United States Jen Armbruster Lisa Banta Jackie Barnes Jessie Lorenz Asya Miller	Denmark Kamilla Brady Ryding Karina Jørgensen Maria Larsen Mette Praestegaard Nissen Ninna Thomsen Likke Vilstrup Vedsted	Canada Amy Alsop Amy Kneebone Annette Lisabeth Nancy Morin Shawna Ryan Contessa Scott
Sweden Asa Alverstedt Malin Gustavsson Josefine Jalmestal Maria Juliusson Sofia Naesstrom Anna Nilsson	Brazil Adriana Bonifácio Lino Ana Carolina Duarte Ruas Custódio Cláudia Paula Gonçalves de Amorim Oliveira Simone Rocha Neuzimar Santos Luana Silva	Japan Akiko Adachi Mieko Kato Masae Komiya Yuki Naoi Tomoe Takada Rie Urata	Germany Natalie Ball Cornelia Dietz Ina Fischer Christiane Moller Swetlana Otto Stefanie Elfriede Schindler