German_Forced_Labour_Compensation_Programme
The Foundation Remembrance, Responsibility and Future (German: Stiftung Erinnerung, Verantwortung und Zukunft; acronym EVZ), is a German Federal organisation with the purpose of making financial compensation available "to former forced laborers and to those affected by other injustices from the National Socialist period".[1]
Throughout World War II about 8.4 million civilian forced laborers from all over Europe and 4.5 million prisoners of war were deployed as slave and forced laborers in Nazi concentration camps, labor camps or other places of detention for industrial, agricultural or public administrative purposes.[2]
Compensation
The foundation was established in August 2000 following several years of national and international negotiations in which the German government was represented by Otto Graf Lambsdorff. The Foundation's capital of DEM 10.1 billion (EUR 5.2 billion) was provided in equal amounts by 6,500 German companies to the German Industry Foundation Initiative and the German Federal Government.[2][3]
The compensation payments were made in cooperation with international partner organisations in the respective countries or representing international organisations.[4]
The Foundation is supervised by its Board of Trustees, comprising 27 members from various nations. Between 2001 and 2007 a total of EUR 4.4 billion was paid out to more than 1.66 million people in almost 100 countries.[2]
| Country | Partner Organisation | Number of recipients | total amount (million EUR) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Belarus and Estonia | Belarusian Foundation Understanding and Reconciliation | Belarus: 120,000 Estonia: 9,000 |
Belarus: 325 Estonia: 21 |
| Czech Republic | The German-Czech Future Fund | 76,000 | 210 |
| Poland | Foundation Polish-German Reconciliation | 484,000 | 979 |
| Russia Latvia, Lithuania and other former States of the Soviet Union |
Russian Foundation Understanding and Reconciliation | Russia: 256,000 Latvia: 13,000 Lithuania: 12,000 other: 3,000 |
Russia: 426 Latvia: 23 Lithuania: 18 other: 5 |
| Ukraine | Ukrainian National Foundation Understanding and Reconciliation | 471,000 | 867 |
| International | International Organisation for Migration (IOM) | 90,000 | 386 |
| International | Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany | 159,000 | 1,149 |
| total | 1,665,000 | 4,400[3] |
The individual payments depended on different criteria such as
- the type of detention and its conditions
- the type of forced labor
- forced deportation
Inmates of a concentration camp, ghetto or those in similar conditions received a compensation of up to EUR 7,670.
Persons who were forcefully deported to Germany or German-occupied countries and lived in detention or similar conditions received a compensation of up to EUR 2,560. Persons who worked in agriculture received up to EUR 2,500.[5]
The project's future
EUR 358 million of the Foundation's capital was allocated to a grant-giving foundation in order to provide project funding with an annual amount of EUR 8 million. This is primarily used to support international programmes and projects in
- critical examination of history,
- Working for human rights, and
- Commitment to the victims of National Socialism.
As of January 2008 the Foundation has spent EUR 34.3 million and has supported 1,300 projects worldwide since its foundation such as the "Train of Remembrance", a project to commemorate the role of the German railways in the Holocaust[6] and the Leo Baeck-programme to raise the "awareness of the intellectual and cultural heritage of German-language Judaism in schools and universities".[7]
Compensation to Germans used as forced labor after the war is not possible to claim in Germany, the possibility was removed by the statute of limitations since September 29, 1978.[8]
- "The Law on the Creation of a Foundation "Remembrance, Responsibility and Future" ยง 2". Archived from the original on 2009-12-01. Retrieved 2009-12-07.
- "stiftung-evz.de". Archived from the original on 2009-12-01. Retrieved 2009-12-07.
- Press release Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine (in German)
- "evz-Partner Organisations". Archived from the original on 2009-12-01. Retrieved 2009-12-07.
- "Press release January 2008". Archived from the original on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2009-12-07.
- "press release July 2009". Archived from the original on 2010-09-24. Retrieved 2009-12-07.
- "Leo Baeck programme". Archived from the original on 2009-12-01. Retrieved 2009-12-07.