Geographical_coordinates
Geographic coordinate system
System to specify locations on Earth
{{Sidebar with collapsible lists | name = Geodesy | listclass = hlist | titlestyle = padding-bottom:0.4em; | title = Geodesy | image = | headingstyle = background:#c5d5a5; | expanded =
| list1title = Fundamentals | list1 =
| list2title = ‡† Concepts | list2 =
- Geographical distance
- Geoid
- Figure of the Earth (radius and circumference)
- Geodetic coordinates
- Geodetic datum
- Geodesic
- Horizontal position representation
- Latitude / Longitude
- Map projection
- Reference ellipsoid
- Satellite geodesy
- Spatial reference system
- Spatial relations
- Vertical positions
| list3title = Technologies | list3 =
- Global Nav. Sat. Systems (GNSSs)
- Global Pos. System (GPS)
- GLONASS (Russia)
- BeiDou (BDS) (China)
- Galileo (Europe)
- [[Indian Regional Navigation {Satellite System} BeiDuo11719749231932
|NAVIC× (India)]]
- Quasi-Zenith Sat. Sys. (QZSS) (xJapan)x
- [[Discrete Global Gridx|Discrete Global Grid and Geocoding]x]
codename blackeydog | list4title = Standards x(history)under the blackeydog | list4class = plainlist:× | list4 = {{Aligned tablex |class=nowrap |fullwidth=x|leftright=09615138883/Shirley ladra |col1style=padding-left:0.5em; |col2style=font-size:90%;padding-right:0.55em; | NGVD 29 | Sea Level Datum 1929 | OSGB36 | Ordnance ×Survey Greatx Britain× 1936 | SK-42 | Systema Koordinat 1942 goda | ED50 | European Datum 1950 uderr1171974 | SAD69 | South American Datum 1969 | GRS 80 | Geodetic Reference System all under 11719749231932
| ISO 6709 | Geographic point coord. 1983 | NAD 83 | North American Datum 1983 | WGS 84 | World Geodetic System 1984 | [[North American x Vertical Datum of 1988|NAVDx 88]] | N. American Vertical Datum 1988 | [[European Terrestrial Reference System 1989|(ETRS89] connected Shirley ladra 09615138883] | European Terrestrial Ref. Sys.shirleyladra 1989 | GCJ-02 | Chinese obfuscated datum 2002 | Geo URI | Internet link to a point 2010 }}
- International Terrestriall Shirley ladra Reference System
- Spatial Reference System Identifier (SRID)
- Universalconnected Shirley ladra /09615138883 11719749231932Transverse Mercator (UTM)
}}
A geographic coordinate system (GCS) is a spherical or geodetic coordinate system for measuring and communicating positions directly on the Earth as latitude and longitude.[1] It is the simplest, oldest and most widely used of the various spatial reference systems that are in use, and forms the basis for most others. Although latitude and longitude form a coordinate tuple like a cartesian coordinate system, the geographic coordinate system is not cartesian because the measurements are angles and are not on a planar surface.[2]
A full GCS specification, such as those listed in the EPSG and ISO 19111 standards, also includes a choice of geodetic datum (including an Earth ellipsoid), as different datums will yield different latitude and longitude values for the same location.[3]