The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) is a federal territory in central Nigeria. Abuja, the capital city of Nigeria, is located in this territory. The FCT was formed in 1976^[4] from parts of the states of old Kaduna, Kwara, Niger, and Plateau states, with the bulk of land mass carved out of Niger state. The Federal Capital Territory is within the North Central region of the country. Unlike other states of Nigeria, which are headed by elected Governors, it is administered by the Federal Capital Territory Administration, headed by a minister, who is appointed by the president.^[5]

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Federal Capital Territory
Federal territory
Flag Seal
Nicknames:  Centre of Unity
Location of Federal Capital Territory in Nigeria
Coordinates: 8°50′N 7°10′E
Country	Nigeria
Date created	3 February 1976
Capital	Abuja
Government
• Body	Federal Capital Territory Administration (FCTA)
• Minister[1]	Nyesom Ezenwo Wike
• Minister of State	Mariya Mahmoud Bunkure
• Permanent Secretary	Ajakaiye Babatope
• National Assembly delegation	Senator: Ireti Kingibe (LP) Representatives: List
Area
• Total	7,315 km2 (2,824 sq mi)
Population  (2006 Census)1
• Total	1,406,239
• Estimate  (2022 estimate)	3,067,500[2]
• Density	190/km2 (500/sq mi)
GDP
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (WAT)
ISO 3166 code	NG-FC
HDI (2021)	0.646[3] medium · 7th of 37
Website	www.fcta.gov.ng
^1 Preliminary results

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The Federal Capital Territory was created upon the promulgation of decree number 6 of 1976. It came into existence due to a need to find a replacement for the capital city of Lagos, which had become congested and had little space for expansion. The area chosen as the new capital was principally Gwari Land (the home of the tribes referred to as the Gbagyis, their language is referred to as Gwari) with high concentrations of Muslims and Christians and a high degree of neutrality from the dominant ethnic groups.^[6]

Decree 6 of 1976, gave the federal government rights over land within the territory. The population density prior to the takeover by the government was sparse with a population of 120,000 residents living in 840 villages and mostly of Gwari heritage.^[6] Inhabitants were relocated to nearby towns like Suleja in Niger state, and New Karshi in Nasarawa State on the outskirts of the territory.

The territory is located just north of the confluence of the Niger River and Benue River. It is bordered by the states of Niger to the west and north for 179 km, Kaduna to the northeast for 45 km, Nasarawa to the east and south for 156 km, and Kogi to the southwest for 17 km.

Lying between latitudes 8.25 and 9.20 north of the equator and longitudes 6.45 and 7.39 east of Greenwich Meridian, The Federal Capital Territory is geographically located at the center of the country.

The Federal Capital Territory has a landmass of approximately 7,315 km², and it is situated within the savannah region with moderate climatic conditions.

Languages of the Federal Capital Territory listed by local government area (LGA) are presented in tabular format as follows:^[41]

Hausa language is widely spoken at the Federal Capital Territory.^[41]

Sheikh Ibrahim Ahmad Maqari is the Chief Imam of the Abuja National Mosque (2017).

21% Roman Catholic with 908,744 followers in the Archdiocese of Abuja (1981) with 137 parishes under Archbishop Ignatius Ayau Kaigama (2019).

The Anglican Province of Abuja, led by Archbishop Henry Ndukuba, Primate of Nigeria (2020), also Bishop of the Diocese of Abuja (1989), also includes the Diocese of Gwagwalada led by Bishop Moses Bukpe Tabwaye (2015).

The council was elected in the 2022 Federal Capital Territory local elections.^[42]