In chemical separation processes, an Energy separating agent (ESA) is the heat or shaft work added to facilitate the separation of two chemical species. It is contrasted with a mass separating agent, which is any chemical species added to the reaction that facilitates the reaction. ESAs are used in many common separation procedures.

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Some important examples of procedures utilizing ESAs are vaporization (heat added), distillation (heat added), crystallization (heat evolved), and stripping (heat added).

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