December_solstice

December solstice

December solstice

Annual solstice on 20–22 December

The December solstice, also known as the southern solstice, is the solstice that occurs each December – typically on 21 December, but may vary by one day in either direction according to the Gregorian calendar. In the Northern Hemisphere, the December solstice is the winter solstice (the day with the shortest period of daylight), whilst in the Southern Hemisphere it is the summer solstice (the day with the longest period of daylight).

More information event, equinox ...
Illumination of Earth by the Sun on the day of the December solstice

The solstice also marks the changing of seasons in many countries. 21 December is the first day of winter (in the Northern Hemisphere) and the first day of summer (in the Southern Hemisphere).

Solar year

The December-solstice solar year is the solar year based on the December solstice. It is thus the length of time between adjacent December solstices.

The length of the December-solstice year has been relatively stable between 6000 BC and AD 2000, in the range of 49 minutes 30 seconds to 50 minutes in excess of 365 days 5 hours. This is longer than the mean year of the Gregorian calendar, which has an excess time of 49 minutes and 12 seconds. Since 2000, it has been growing shorter. In 4000, the excess time will be 48 minutes 52 seconds, and, in 10000, 46 minutes 45 seconds.[7]

The length of the day near the December solstice

The following tables contain information on the length of the day on December 22nd, close to the winter solstice of the Northern Hemisphere and the summer solstice of the Southern Hemisphere (i.e. December solstice). The data was collected from the website of the Finnish Meteorological Institute on 22 December 2015, as well as from certain other websites.[8][9][10][11][12][13]

The data is arranged geographically and within the tables from the shortest day to the longest one.

More information City, Sunrise 21 Dec 2022 ...
More information City, Sunrise 22 Dec 2015 ...
More information City, Sunrise 22 Dec 2015 ...
More information City, Sunrise 22 Dec 2015 ...
More information City, Sunrise 22 Dec 2015 ...
More information City, Sunrise 22 Dec 2015 ...

See also

Astronomy

Holidays

References

  1. [1]
    Astronomical Applications Department of USNO. "Earth's Seasons - Equinoxes, Solstices, Perihelion, and Aphelion". Retrieved 1 August 2022.
  2. [2]
    "Solstices and Equinoxes: 2001 to 2100". AstroPixels.com. 20 February 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  3. [3]
    Équinoxe de printemps entre 1583 et 2999
  4. [4]
    Solstice d’été de 1583 à 2999
  5. [5]
    Équinoxe d’automne de 1583 à 2999
  6. [6]
    Solstice d’hiver
  7. [7]
    Bromberg, Irv. "Solar Year Length Variations on Earth" (PDF). University of Toronto, Canada. Retrieved 21 December 2012.
  8. [8]
    "Paikallissää Helsinki" [‘Local weather in Helsinki’] (in Finnish). Finnish Meteorological Institute. 22 December 2015. Retrieved 22 December 2015.
  9. [9]
    "Perth, Australia". Retrieved 22 December 2015.
  10. [10]
    "São Paulo, Brazil". Retrieved 22 December 2015.
  11. [11]
    "Denpasar, Indonesia". Retrieved 22 December 2015.
  12. [12]
    "Edmonton, Canada". Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  13. [13]
    "Inuvik, Canada". Retrieved 19 December 2020.

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