Charlotte of Hesse-Homburg (Charlotte Dorothea Sophia; 17 June 1672 – 29 August 1738) was a Duchess of Saxe-Weimar by marriage to Johann Ernst III, Duke of Saxe-Weimar.

Born in Kassel, she was the eldest of twelve children born from the second marriage of Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg with Louise Elisabeth Kettler, Princess of Courland and Semigallia.

In Kassel on 4 November 1694 Charlotte married Johann Ernst III, Duke of Saxe-Weimar as his second wife.

After her husband's death in 1707, she received as a Wittum (Dower land) the town of Hardisleben. Her main residence was the Yellow Castle (German: Gelbe Schloss) in Weimar, which was built during 1702-1704.

The guardianship of her only surviving child, Johann Ernest, was given to her brother-in-law William Ernest; however, Charlotte devotedly took care of her son during his illness and death aged 18, in 1715.

Charlotte died in Weimar aged 66. She was buried in the Fürstengruft, Weimar.^[1]

She had four children:^{[2][3][better source needed]}

1. Charles Frederick (Weimar, 31 October 1695 – Weimar, 30 March 1696).
2. Johann Ernest (Weimar, 25 December 1696 – Frankfurt, 1 August 1715).
3. Marie Louise (Weimar, 18 December 1697 – Weimar, 29 December 1704).
4. Christiane Sophie (Weimar, 7 April 1700 – Weimar, 18 February 1701).