C54 or C-54 may refer to:

• ARM Cadete Agustín Melgar (C54), an Admirable-class minesweeper of the Mexican Navy
• Caldwell 54, an open cluster in the constellation Monoceros
• Douglas C-54 Skymaster, an American transport aircraft
• Giuoco Piano, a chess opening
• JNR Class C54, a Japanese steam locomotive
• Holidays with Pay (Sea) Convention, 1936 of the International Labour Organization
• Uterine cancer

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