Bill Marczak is a senior research fellow at digital watchdog Citizen Lab, a co-founder of Bahrain Watch, and a postdoctoral researcher at UC Berkeley, from which he received his PhD in computer science under Vern Paxson. Marczak's work focuses on threats to Internet freedom, by both rogue and state actors, including surveillance, spyware, and censorship tools. His work has been featured in Vanity Fair, the New York Times, the Washington Post, CNN, and on Larry King. Marczak's work has uncovered several instances of states using spyware for clandestine operations at odds with rights to privacy and freedom.^{[1][2][3][4][5]}