Amenemhat_(son_of_Thutmose_IV)

List of Egyptian mummies (royalty)

List of Egyptian mummies (royalty)

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The following is a list of mummies that include Egyptian pharaohs and their named mummified family members.[lower-alpha 1] Some of these mummies have been found to be remarkably intact, while others have been damaged from tomb robbers and environmental conditions. It was not until Pharaoh Den of the first dynasty that things such as a staircase and architectural elements were added which provided better protection from the elements.[1]

Identified

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Disputed

The following entries are either previously identified mummies that are now in dispute or mummies who's identity is still in dispute. Over time through the advance in technology, new information comes to light that discredits old findings and beliefs. The mummies that have been lost or destroyed since initial discovery may never be properly identified.

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See also

Notes

  1. Mummies have been found by archaeologists whom have determined their royal status, but have not been able to provide any real conclusive name. These are usually given informal numbers based on their tomb locations (ex: KV##A (Valley of the Kings) and QV##A (Valley of the Queens). These nameless individuals are not listed here as not enough given information is available.

References

  1. Shaw, Ian and Nicholson, Paul. The Dictionary of Ancient Egypt. p. 84. Harry N. Abrams, Inc. 1995. ISBN 0-8109-9096-2
  2. Ann Macy Roth, The Ahhotep Coffins, Gold of Praise: Studies of Ancient Egypt in honor of Edward F. Wente, 1999
  3. Aidan Dodson & Dyan Hilton, The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt, Thames & Hudson (2004) ISBN 0-500-05128-3, p. 128
  4. Demas, Martha, and Neville Agnew, eds. 2012. Valley of the Queens Assessment Report: Volume 1. Los Angeles, CA: Getty Conservation Institute. Getty Conservation Institute, link to article
  5. Smith, G Elliot. The Royal Mummies, pp. 15–17. Duckworth, 2000 (reprint).
  6. G.E. Smith, Catalogue General Antiquites Egyptiennes du Musee du Caire: The Royal Mummies, 1912, pp 6-8 and pl IV. Available via University of Chicago
  7. Hawass, Zahi; Saleem, Sahar N. (December 2020). "Computed tomography examination of the screaming mummy "Unknown-Woman-A"". Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine. 51 (1). doi:10.1186/s43055-020-00255-6.
  8. E.G. Smith, Catalogue General Antiquites Egyptiennes du Musee du Caire: The Royal Mummies, Cairo, 1912; retrieved from The University of Chicago Library
  9. Dodson, Aidan; Hilton, Dyan (2004). The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05128-3., p. 128
  10. Dodson, Aidan; Hilton, Dyan (2004). The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05128-3., p.137
  11. Dodson & Hilton, p.134
  12. Dodson & Hilton, p.135
  13. Dodson & Hilton, p.137
  14. Beckerath, Jürgen von, Chronologie des Pharaonischen Ägypten. Philipp von Zabern, Mainz, (1997) p.190
  15. Strouhal, Eugen; Vyhnánek, Luboš; Gaballah, M. F.; Saunders, S. R.; Woelfli, W.; Bonani, G.; Němečková, Alena (2001). "Identification of Royal Skeletal Remains from Egyptian Pyramids". Anthropologie. 39 (1): 15–24. ISSN 0323-1119.
  16. Michael Rice: Who is who in Ancient Egypt. Routledge, London/New York 1999. ISBN 978-0-203-44328-6, p. 117.
  17. Baker, Darrell (2008). The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I – Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC. Stacey International. ISBN 978-1-905299-37-9. p.250
  18. Bill Manley (ed.), "The missing tombs of Tanis" in The Seventy Great Mysteries of Ancient Egypt, Thames & Hudson Ltd. p.97
  19. Jürgen von Beckerath, Chronologie des Äegyptischen Pharaonischen (Mainz: Phillip von Zabern, 1997), p.190
  20. Rice, Michael (1999). Who's Who in Ancient Egypt. Routledge.
  21. Michael Rice (1999). Who's Who in Ancient Egypt. Routledge.
  22. J. von Beckerath (1997). Chronologie des Äegyptischen Pharaonischen (in German). Phillip von Zabern. p. 190.
  23. Bill Manley (ed.), "The missing tombs of Tanis" in The Seventy Great Mysteries of Ancient Egypt, Thames & Hudson Ltd. p.97
  24. Bill Manley (ed.), "The missing tombs of Tanis" in The Seventy Great Mysteries of Ancient Egypt, Thames & Hudson Ltd. p.97
  25. Lehner, Mark (1997). The Complete Pyramids. London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05084-8. p.156-157
  26. Grimal, Nicolas. A History of Ancient Egypt. p.204. Librairie Arthéme Fayard, 1988
  27. Shaw, Ian; and Nicholson, Paul. The Dictionary of Ancient Egypt. p. 289. The British Museum Press, 1995
  28. Dodson, Aidan; Hilton, Dyan (2004). The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05128-3., p.141
  29. Wolfgang Helck: Urkunden der 18. Dynastie, Heft 18, Berlin 1956, pp. 1447
  30. Dodson & Hilton, pp.135,141
  31. Betsy Bryan: The 18th Dynasty before the Amarna Period, in Ian Shaw (editor): The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, Oxford, New York 2000, ISBN 978-0192804587, p. 248
  32. Dylan (July 22, 2014). "The so-called Royal Cachette TT 320 was not the grave of Ahmose Nefertari!". www.dylanb.me.uk. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
  33. Tyldesley, Joyce. Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt. Thames & Hudson. 2006. ISBN 0-500-05145-3
  34. "XVIII'th Dynasty Gallery I". The Theban Royal Mummy Project. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
  35. Hawass, Zahi; Gad, Yehia Z.; Ismail, Somaia; Khairat, Rabab; Fathalla, Dina; Hasan, Naglaa; Ahmed, Amal; Elleithy, Hisham; Ball, Marcus; Gaballah, Fawzi; Wasef, Sally; Fateen, Mohamed; Amer, Hany; Gostner, Paul; Selim, Ashraf; Zink, Albert; Pusch, Carsten M. (February 2010). "Ancestry and Pathology in King Tutankhamun's Family". The Journal of the American Medical Association. 303 (7): 641. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.121. PMID 20159872. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  36. Dodson, Aidan (2018). Amarna Sunset: Nefertiti, Tutankhamun, Ay, Horemheb, and the Egyptian counter-reformation (Revised ed.). Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press. p. 17. ISBN 978-977-416-859-8.
  37. Gabolde, Marc (2013). "L'ADN de la famille royale amarnienne et les sources égyptiennes - de la complémentarité des méthodes et des résultats". Égypte Nilotique et Méditerranéenne, Montpellier: UMR 5140 - Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier (in French). 3 (6): 177–203. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  38. Schneider, Thomas (2010). "Contributions to the Chronology of the New Kingdom and the Third Intermediate Period". Ägypten & Levante. 20., pp. 386–387
  39. Batrawi, A. (1951). "The Skeletal Remains from the Northern Pyramid of Sneferu". Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte. 51: 435–440. Retrieved 24 April 2024.
  40. Lehner, Mark (1997). The Complete Pyramids. New York: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05084-8. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  41. Anderson, Lisa (14 July 2007). "Mummy awakens new era in Egypt". Chicago Tribune.
  42. Bryan, Bethan (30 December 2018). "Coffin of the 'Qurna Queen'". nms.ac.uk. National Museums Scotland. Retrieved 8 March 2024.

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