3-cyanopyridine
Nicotinonitrile
Chemical compound
Nicotinonitrile or 3-cyanopyridine is an organic compound with the formula NCC5H4N. The molecule consists of a pyridine ring with a nitrile group attached to the 3-position. A colorless solid, it is produced by ammoxidation of 3-methylpyridine:[2]
- H3CC5H4N + NH3 + 1.5 O2 → NCC5H4N + 3 H2O
Nicotinonitrile is a precursor to the vitamin niacin.[3]
Nitrilase-catalyzed hydrolysis of 3-cyanopyridine by means of immobilized Rhodococcus rhodochrous J1[2] strains leads in quantitative yield to nicotinamide (vitamin B3).[4][5][6] The enzyme allows for a more selective synthesis as further hydrolysis of the amide to nicotinic acid is avoided.[7]
Oxidation of 3-cyanopyridine with hydrogen peroxide gives 3-cyanopyridine N-oxide, which hydrolyzes to nicotinic acid N-oxide, a precursor to pharmaceuticals.