The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 3, 2020, to elect representatives from all 435 congressional districts across each of the 50 U.S. states to the 117th United States Congress, as well as six non-voting delegates from the District of Columbia and the inhabited U.S. territories. Special House elections were also held on various dates throughout 2020.

Quick Facts All 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives 218 seats needed for a majority, Majority party ...

2020 United States House of Representatives elections

← 2018 November 3, 2020 2022 →
All 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives[lower-alpha 1] 218 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Leader Nancy Pelosi Kevin McCarthy Party Democratic Republican Leader since January 3, 2003 January 3, 2019 Leader's seat California 12th California 23rd Last election 235 seats, 53.4% 200 seats, 44.8% Seats before 232 197 Seats won 222 213 Seat change 13 13 Popular vote 77,122,690[1] 72,466,576[1] Percentage 50.3% 47.2% Swing 3.1% 2.4%
Results:      Democratic hold      Democratic gain      Republican hold      Republican gain
Speaker before election Nancy Pelosi Democratic Elected Speaker Nancy Pelosi Democratic

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In the 2018 United States House of Representatives elections, the Democrats had won 235 seats. Leading up to the 2020 elections, the Democrats were projected by many polls to expand their majority by up to 15 seats due to the unpopularity of then-President Donald Trump. While Democrats ultimately retained control of the House following the 2020 elections, Republicans made a net gain of 14 seats^[2] and the Democrats entered 2021 with a narrow 222–213 House majority.^[3][4] This was the first time since 2004 that the Republican Party made net gains in the House during a presidential election year. This led to Democrats' smallest majority since 1942.

Republicans exceeded expectations in the 2020 House elections, winning back a number of seats that they lost in 2018 while successfully defending competitive seats that Democrats had hoped to flip. No Republican incumbent was defeated for re-election, while 13 incumbent Democrats were ousted by Republicans; also, several successful Democratic candidates won by smaller-than-expected margins. Many have cited Trump's presence on the ballot as having fueled high Republican turnout,^[3][5][6][7] while others have emphasized the Republican Party's efforts to promote their female and minority candidates.^{[8][9][10][11]}

This constitutes the 11th election since the Civil War in which the victorious presidential party lost seats in the House, after the elections of 1868, 1884, 1892, 1896, 1908, 1960, 1988, 1992, 2000, and 2016.

Forty-seven states used the first-past-the-post voting plurality system to elect their representatives. Instant-runoff voting was used in one state (Maine) and runoff system was used in two states (Georgia and Louisiana).

36 incumbents did not seek re-election either to retire or to seek other positions.

Four incumbents resigned in 2020, all of them Republicans, with no special elections to fill the vacant seats before the November election.

Seventy-seven races were decided by 10% or lower.

There were five special elections in 2020 to the 116th United States Congress, listed here by date and district.

These are the election dates for the regularly scheduled general elections.